Table 6.

Predictors of 90-day postoperative mortality after major hepatectomy for HCC (n=539)

Variable		% of patients	90-Day mortality rate (%)	Univariate analysis	Multivariate analysisa
				p	p	HR	95 % CI
Gender	Male	77	4	0.351
	Female	23	3
Age (years)	>60	37	4	0.702
	≤60	63	4
AFP (ng/mL)	>1,000	36	6	0.045	NS
	≤1,000	64	3
Child–Pugh class	A	98	4	0.422
	B	2	8
Tumor size (cm)	>5	80	4	0.527
	≤5	20	3
Bilateral lesions	Present	22	3	0.379
	Absent	78	4
Number of lesions	Multiple	35	4	0.795
	Solitary	65	4
Major vascular invasion	Present	12	10	0.013	0.019	3.42	1.23–9.53
	Absent	88	3
Microvascular invasion	Present	60	5	0.284
	Absent	40	3
Fibrosis/cirrhosis	Present	35	6	0.087
	Absent	65	3
Nodal metastases	Present	1	0	0.592
	Absent	99	4
Extrahepatic metastases	Present	1	14	0.153
	Absent	99	4
Other organ invasion	Present	9	9	0.079
	Absent	91	3
Surgical margins	Positive	12	4	0.726
	Negative	88	5
Edmondson–Steiner grade	1	13	0	0.054
	2	38	3
	3	42	5
	4	7	11
Extent of hepatectomy	Extended	38	4	0.976
	Right	62	4
TNM stage (7th edition)	I	29	2	0.385
	II	31	4
	III	38	5
	IV	2	7
Time period	1981–1989	15	12	<0.0001	0.038	2.27	1.05–4.93
	1990–1999	63	2
	2000–2008	22	4

CI indicates confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, NS not significant, AFP α-fetoprotein

^aLogistic regression multivariate analysis included all variables with p<0.05 in the univariate analysis