Table 3. Univariate analysis of factors associated with ORR and median TTP.
| ORR (%) | P-value | Median TTP (months) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| >70 | 76.5 | 0.401 | 16 | 0.803 |
| ⩽70 | 67.5 | 16.5 | ||
| WHO performance status | ||||
| ⩾2 | 58 | 0.270 | 15.5 | 0.401 |
| 0–1 | 74 | NR | ||
| FISH analysis | ||||
| Poor risk | 75 | 0.954 | 10.5 | 0.047 |
| Standard risk | 76 | NR | ||
| ISS stage | ||||
| III | 68.5 | 0.643 | 16.5 | 0.559 |
| I–II | 74 | NR | ||
| Renal failure | ||||
| Yes | 50 | 0.224 | 4.5 | 0.002 |
| No | 73.5 | 17 | ||
| LDH level | ||||
| Elevated | 66.5 | 0.564 | 15.5 | 0.089 |
| Normal | 73.5 | NR | ||
| Platelet count at enrolment | ||||
| <100 × 109/l | 80 | 0.606 | 10 | 0.065 |
| ⩾100 × 109/l | 70 | 16.5 | ||
| Number of previous treatments | ||||
| >2 | 61.5 | 0.382 | 9.5 | 0.002 |
| ⩽2 | 73.5 | 17 | ||
| Previous anthracyclines | ||||
| Yes | 72.5 | 0.871 | 12.5 | 0.057 |
| No | 71 | 16.5 | ||
| Previous alkylator | ||||
| Yes | 73 | 0.604 | 17 | 0.991 |
| No | 66.5 | 16 | ||
| Previous IMIDs | ||||
| Yes | 86 | 0.740 | 17 | 0.594 |
| No | 73 | NR | ||
| Previous lenalidomide | ||||
| Yes | 71 | 0.940 | 16 | 0.059 |
| No | 72 | NR | ||
| Refractory to lenalidomide | ||||
| Yes | 84 | 0.652 | 12 | 0.465 |
| No | 72 | 15.5 | ||
| Previous bortezomib | ||||
| Yes | 54.5 | 0.003 | 11.5 | 0.011 |
| No | 86.5 | NR | ||
| Previous lenalidomide and bortezomib | ||||
| Yes | 53 | 0.037 | 9 | <0.001 |
| No | 76.5 | 17 | ||
| Previous ASCT | ||||
| Yes | 63 | 0.129 | 17 | 0.737 |
| No | 79 | 16.5 | ||
| Response after four BVD cycles | ||||
| <PR | NA | NA | 11 | 0.024 |
| ⩾PR | NA | NR | ||
Abbreviations: ASCT, autologous stem cell transplant; BVD, bendamustine plus bortezomib and dexamethasone; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; IMID, immunomodulatory drug; ISS, International Staging System for Multiple Myeloma criteria; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NA, not applicable (no data); NR, not yet reached; ORR, overall response rate; PR, partial response; TTP, time to progression; WHO, World Health Organization.