(A) One-way hierarchical clustering of genes significantly changed in a microarray of vastus lateralis of subjects receiving resveratrol (RSV) or placebo. In muscle, 469 genes were differentially expressed between placebo and RSV (n=10, p<0.05). (B) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of muscle microarray revealed that gene sets related to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were significantly increased (left panel) and cytokine signaling decreased (right panel) following resveratrol supplementation in humans. (C) Previously published microarray data of mice treated with 400 mpkd RSV (Lagouge et al., 2006) were reanalyzed by GSEA, showing, like the human data, a marked enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation genes. See also table S3.