Fig. 1.

Total nuclear HDAC activity, and HDAC2 protein level and activity are upregulated inmdx mice. Total nuclear HDAC activity of adductors (A), TA (B) and heart (C) were measured by a fluorescent deacetylation assay in mdx^4CV mice compared with controls (5-month-old males, n=5; upregulation in mdx^4CV 2.69- and 1.97-fold in the adductors and TA, respectively). (D) Total nuclear HDAC activity in control mice. (E,F) Western blots of adductor, TA and heart of mdx^4CV mice and controls, analyzed with anti-HDAC2 antibody and quantified normalizing to total nuclear protein (supplementary material Fig. S2; upregulation in mdx^4CV 4.34- and 4.6-fold in the adductors and TA, respectively). (G) Nuclear HDAC2 was immunoprecipitated with anti-HDAC2. The bound proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by western blotting with anti-HDAC2 antibody. (H–K) Immunoprecipitated nuclear HDAC2 activity was determined in adductor (H), TA (I) and heart (J) of mdx^4CV and control mice (upregulation in mdx^4CV 2.52-, 1.95- and 1.15-fold, respectively), and tricep (K) of mdx mice compared with control (2.76-fold, 4.5-month-old males, n=3); *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.