Table 5.

Cox Hazard Models of the Relationship between Baseline Driving Status and Time to Death, Controlling for Baseline Health

Predictor	Entire Sample			Small Cities			Large Cities
	B (SE)	HR	95% CI	B (SE)	HR	95% CI	B (SE)	HR	95% CI
Model 1
Driving Status	0.48 (0.17)	1.62**	1.16 – 2.27	0.73 (0.31)	2.08*	1.13 – 3.81	0.38 (0.21)	1.46	0.97 – 2.19
SF-36 Physical Role	−0.30 (0.07)	0.74**	0.65 – 0.84	−0.36 (0.11)	0.70**	0.56 – 0.87	−0.28 (0.08)	0.76**	0.65 – 0.89
Model 2
Driving Status	0.39 (0.17)	1.48*	1.05 – 2.08	0.70 (0.31)	2.00*	1.09 – 3.69	0.28 (0.21)	1.32	0.87 – 1.99
SF-36 Physical Functioning	−0.37 (0.06)	0.70**	0.61 – 0.78	−0.48 (0.11)	0.62**	0.50 – 0.76	−0.32 (0.08)	0.72**	0.62 – 0.85
Model 3
Driving Status	0.48 (0.17)	1.62**	1.15 – 2.27	0.75 (0.31)	2.11*	1.15 – 3.86	0.36 (0.21)	1.44	0.95 – 2.16
SF-36 Social Functioning	−0.19 (0.06)	0.82**	0.74 – 0.92	−0.22 (0.10)	0.81*	0.67 – 0.97	−0.19 (0.07)	0.83**	0.72 – 0.95
Model 4
Driving Status	0.33 (0.18)	1.39	0.99 – 1.96	0.61 (0.31)	1.84*	1.01 – 3.38	0.21 (0.21)	1.23	0.81 – 1.88
General Health Composite	−0.44 (0.06)	0.64**	0.57 – 0.73	−0.51 (0.10)	0.60**	0.49 – 0.74	−0.41 (0.08)	0.66**	0.56 – 0.78
Model 5
Driving Status	0.35 (0.19)	1.42	0.98 – 2.04	0.69 (0.33)	1.98*	1.03 – 3.81	0.17 (0.23)	1.18	0.76 – 1.85
Turn 360 Testa	0.17 (0.05)	1.18**	1.08 – 1.29	−0.09 (0.14)	0.91	0.69 – 1.21	0.20 (0.05)	1.22**	1.12 – 1.34

Note. SF-36 = Short Form Health Survey; SE = standard error; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval. The 95% CI was for the HR. Models controlled for baseline age, years of education, sex, and race. Drivers were the reference group.

^aSmaller scores reflect better performance.

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01.