A network of leptin-sensitive neurons modulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. AGRP/neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons of the ARC send inhibitory signals (red arrows) to proopiomelanocortin, KNDy neurons, and GnRH neurons. Presence of LEPR and melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) expression is represented on the neurons. MPOA, medial preoptic area; CART, cocaine amphetamine-related transcript; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; PMV, ventral premamillary nucleus; KISS, kisspeptin; NKB, neurokinin B; DYN, dynorphin.