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Direct contact of live ETEC is not necessary for the inhibition of thiamin uptake by Caco-2 cells. Confluent monolayers of Caco-2 were treated (for 3 h) with wild-type ETEC, boiled (killed) ETEC, culture supernatant of ETEC, or mutant (Δ eltA; jf570) ETEC followed by measurement of the initial rate of carrier-mediated thiamin uptake. Results represent means ± SE of at least 3 separate experiments. *P < 0.01, compared with control.
