Fig. 1.

The breeding design to produce genotypes for field transplant: After four generations of recurrent selection for flower size with backcrossing to IM62, we selfed (symbol: circled ×) a single BC4F1 plant producing a family of BC4F2 progenies. Among the selfed BC4F2, we identified a NIL (BC4F3) fixed for both high alleles at QTLs 1 and 8 (NIL 67) and another NIL that is fixed for the low allele at QTL 1 and high allele at QTL 8 (NIL 121). We further selfed selected BC4F3 individuals and identified a NIL homozygous at both high and low alleles on QTL 1 and QTL 8, respectively (NIL 127). These NILs were then crossed to IM767 and genotyped to verify the HH, HL and LH genotype. The cumulative length of each arrow leading to each NIL reflects the relative time it took to identify a specific NIL with a clean background.