Table 1.
Demographics, class characteristics, and outcome measures for mind-body and aerobic exercise groups
| Measure* | Mind-body | Aerobics | Statistics* | p-value | Effect Size# |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (years) | 67.4 (14.0) | 62.0 (13.1) | 1.26 | 0.21 | |
| Gender (female) | 17 (85%) | 10 (45%) | 7.1 | 0.01 | |
| Ethnicity (Caucasian) | 11 (55%) | 13 (59%) | 0.07 | 0.79 | |
| Education (college degree) | 12 (60%) | 13 (59%) | 0.004 | 0.95 | |
| Body mass index | 24.5 (3.8) | 25.3 (3.7) | 0.72 | 0.47 | |
| Class Characteristics | |||||
| Class attendance$ | 12 (60%) | 16 (72.7%) | 0.77 | 0.38 | |
| Class satisfaction& | 9.0 (1.0) | 8.6 (1.0) | 1.6 | 0.11 | |
| Length of participation (years) | 5.9 (4.1) | 5.9 (5.6) | 0.02 | 0.98 | |
| POMS Subscales^ | |||||
| Tension | 4.05 (3.49) | 9.68 (7.39) | −4.14 | 0.0002 | −1.2 |
| Depression | 1.70 (1.84) | 8.77 (10.09) | −3.77 | 0.0005 | −1.4 |
| Vitality | 25.50 (4.58) | 20.59 (5.81) | 2.08 | 0.04 | 0.8 |
| Anger | 2.20 (2.07) | 8.82 (7.92) | −4.44 | <0.0001 | −1.4 |
| Confusion | 2.30 (2.18) | 4.59 (3.71) | −2.22 | 0.03 | −0.9 |
| Fatigue | 2.80 (2.12) | 6.41 (4.77) | −2.05 | 0.05 | −0.7 |
| SF-12 Scores+ | |||||
| MCS | 59.63 (5.23) | 47.35 (8.13) | 5.33 | <0.0001 | 1.8 |
| PCS | 47.32 (8.91) | 50.38 (9.53) | −1.03 | 0.31 | −0.3 |
| PROMIS T-Scores++ | |||||
| Sleep T-score | 41.44 (5.91) | 47.28 (7.53) | −2.93 | 0.006 | −0.9 |
| Pain T-score | 50.61 (6.78) | 49.77 (8.42) | 0.36 | 0.72 | 0.1 |
Mean (SD) and t-statistics are reported for continuous measures and frequency (%) and χ2 statistics are reported for categorical measures.
Effect sizes are estimated as Cohen’s d.
Class attendance is reported as frequency (%) of participants who attended both classes a week, the others attended once a week.
Class satisfaction was measured on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being most satisfied.
Profile of Mood States subscale; raw means (SD) are reported; t(39) statistics are from ANCOVAs of log-transformed POMS subscales scores, controlling for gender.
Short Form Health Survey-12MCS = Mental Health Composite Score; PCS = Physical Health Composite Score; values are reported as mean (SD);t(39) statistics are from ANCOVAs, controlling for gender.
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; Higher T-score represents greater difficulty with sleep and more pain; values are reported as mean (SD); t(39) statistics are from ANCOVAs, controlling for gender