Table 2:
Between- and within-group comparisons for the family heart-health intervention (n = 211) and control (n = 215) group
| Outcome; group | Time; mean ± SD | Mixed linear models comparisons* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Baseline | 3 mo | 12 mo | p value, group | p value, time | p value, group × time | |
| Primary outcomes | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 4.12 ± 1.29 | 4.02 ± 1.25 | 4.06 ± 1.31 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.6 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 4.22 ± 1.26 | 4.02 ± 1.18 | 3.96 ± 1.09 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Physical activity, min/wk | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 91.7 ± 102.5 | 176.4 ± 110.9 | 142.5 ± 122.0 | < 0.001 | 0.8 | 0.03 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 88.7 ± 99.7 | 110.6 ± 115.3 | 118.6 ± 109.1 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Fruits and vegetables, servings/d | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 6.3 ± 3.0 | 8.0 ± 3.3 | 7.4 ± 3.4 | < 0.001 | 0.1 | 0.5 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 6.5 ± 3.1 | 6.8 ± 3.2 | 6.6 ± 3.0 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 5.13 ± 0.97 | 4.99 ± 0.96 | 5.03 ± 0.98 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 5.18 ± 1.02 | 4.95 ± 1.00 | 4.93 ± 1.01 | |||
|
| ||||||
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 1.33 ± 0.38 | 1.34 ± 0.39 | 1.34 ± 0.41 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 1.30 ± 0.34 | 1.30 ± 0.34 | 1.29 ± 0.30 | |||
|
| ||||||
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 3.22 ± 0.86 | 3.10 ± 0.82 | 3.11 ± 0.82 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.6 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 3.28 ± 0.91 | 3.09 ± 0.90 | 3.04 ± 0.92 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 1.28 ± 0.77 | 1.22 ± 0.66 | 1.35 ± 0.80 | 0.9 | 0.04 | 0.8 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 1.35 ± 0.84 | 1.24 ± 0.57 | 1.34 ± 0.64 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Glucose, mmol/L | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 5.12 ± 0.52 | 5.12 ± 0.50 | 5.16 ± 0.60 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 5.09 ± 0.59 | 5.18 ± 0.54 | 5.13 ± 0.57 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 121.8 ± 15.3 | 116.4 ± 14.8 | 118.5 ± 14.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.9 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 120.4 ± 16.9 | 115.8 ± 14.8 | 117.5 ± 14.7 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 76.8 ± 9.0 | 73.8 ± 8.3 | 75.5 ± 9.5 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 76.3 ± 9.9 | 74.2 ± 9.5 | 74.8 ± 8.7 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Body mass index | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 29.2 ± 5.4 | 28.2 ± 4.8 | 27.9 ± 4.8 | 0.006 | 0.4 | 0.9 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 29.6 ± 6.0 | 29.4 ± 5.9 | 29.0 ± 5.3 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Waist circumference, cm | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Heart-health intervention | 96.3 ± 13.5 | 93.7 ± 13.7 | 92.5 ± 13.4 | 0.02 | 0.3 | 0.9 |
|
| ||||||
| Control | 97.4 ± 15.1 | 96.2 ± 14.7 | 95.1 ± 13.8 | |||
Note: HDL = high-density lipoprotein, LDL = low-density lipoprotein, SD = standard deviation.
*
All analyses include the baseline value of the variable, age and baseline Framingham Risk Score as covariates.