Table 2.
Daily intake of macronutrients, micronutrients, fiber, glycemic load and index, cholesterol and water, as calculated from seven-day menu plans
|
Diet |
P- value a | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy diet A | Healthy diet B | ||
| Energy | |||
| (kcal) |
2,031 (142.3) |
2,002 (59.5) |
0.6 |
| (MJ) |
8.5 (0.6) |
8.4 (0.2) |
0.6 |
| Protein | |||
| g |
97.2 (7.6) |
93.0 (4.2) |
0.2 |
| E% |
19.0 (1.8) |
18.3 (1.2) |
0.4 |
| Carbohydrates | |||
| g |
245.7 (18.3) |
236.7 (8.4) |
0.8 |
| E% |
53.0 (3.4) |
53.4 (1.5) |
0.8 |
| Fiber (g) |
48.5 (10.3) |
53.1 (5.7) |
0.3 |
| Glycemic load (g) |
116.1 (8.0) |
118.0 (11.9) |
0.7 |
| Glycemic index |
47.4 (1.2) |
49.8 (4.7) |
0.2 |
| Total fat (g) | |||
| g |
63.6 (12.8) |
62.8 (6.9) |
0.89 |
| E% |
27.6 (4.6) |
27.8 (2.4) |
0.95 |
| Fatty acids | |||
| Saturated (g) |
13.3 (5.2) |
10.9 (2.0) |
0.3 |
| Monounsaturated (g) |
30.8 (5.7) |
32.1 (4.2) |
0.6 |
| Polyunsaturated (g) |
10.9 (3.0) |
12.5 (2.7) |
0.3 |
| Cholesterol (mg) |
257.4 (106.1) |
271.4 (80.1) |
0.8 |
| Water (g) |
1,395.3 (296.2) |
1,708.9 (240.7) |
0.05 |
| Calcium (mg) |
978.3 (123.9) |
591.4 (88.6) |
< 0.0001 |
| Iron (mg) |
19.9 (2.8) |
18.5 (2.3) |
0.3 |
| Iodine (μg) |
101.7 (27.8) |
143.9 (68.1) |
0.15 |
| Magnesium (mg) |
570.6 (70.7) |
468.6 (49.3) |
0.009 |
| Zinc (mg) |
13.6 (1.8) |
9.9 (2.3) |
0.006 |
| Selenium (μg) |
155.7 (23.4) |
126.3 (28.8) |
0.057 |
| Sodium (mg) |
1,811.9 (733.9) |
1,079.3 (440.7) |
0.042 |
| Potassium (mg) |
3,556.0 (305.5) |
6,392.9 (575.4) |
0.001 |
| Vitamin B1 (mg) |
2.2 (0.3) |
1.8 (0.2) |
0.004 |
| Vitamin B2 (mg) |
2.2 (0.3) |
1.6 (0.2) |
0.001 |
| Vitamin B3 (mg) |
45.0 (5.7) |
49.0 (6.9) |
0.27 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) |
2.6 (0.6) |
4.2 (0.8) |
0.001 |
| Folic acid (μg) |
427.6 (133.5) |
506.3 (179.3) |
0.37 |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) |
6.0 (1.3) |
8.6 (6.3) |
0.38 |
| Vitamin C (mg) |
170.1 (46.9) |
434.4 (163.5) |
< 0.0001 |
| Beta-carotene (μg) |
4,233.7 (1494.5) |
17,194.1 (6085.9) |
< 0.0001 |
| Vitamin A (μg) |
986.3 (582.8) |
3,021.1 (1027.1) |
0.001 |
| Vitamin D (μg) |
5.2 (3.6) |
4.8 (3.2) |
0.96 |
| Vitamin E (mg) | 13.0 (5.9) | 23.7 (7.4) | 0.01 |
Values are mean (SD).
at-test, except for carbohydrate (grams), potassium and vitamin B12 (Mann–Whitney U-test).