Table 1.
Signalling pathway and inhibitor | Potency (ED50, nmol/100 μl) |
Maximum effects (Emax, mm Hg) |
n |
---|---|---|---|
5-HT2A receptors | |||
Control | 32.0 (22.4–45.6) | 37.3 ± 3.3 | 9 |
Ritanserin (100 pM) | 103.9 (14.2–760) | 2.0 ± 0.4$$ | 3 |
Nitric oxide synthase | |||
Control | 35.2 (25.9–47.8) | 32 ± 3 | 7 |
l-NAME (100 μM) | 33.4 (17.4–64.2) | 90.1 ± 10.3⁎⁎⁎ | 7 |
l-NAME + ritanserin | 9.0 (1.3–61.0) | 8.6 ± 1.2 | 3 |
Denudation | |||
+ Endothelium | 81.0 (63.3–103.5) | 12.4 ± 1.5 | 4 |
− Endothelium | 96.8 (24.7–379.2) | 20.0 ± 2.3⁎ | 4 |
Monoamine transporter | |||
Control | 46.9 (33.7–65.4) | 27 ± 1 | 4 |
Cocaine (10− 5 M) | 46.4 (33.2–64. 7) | 51 ± 3⁎⁎ | 4 |
Cocaine + l-NAME | 22.1 (6.5–75.5)## | 126.4 ± 6.9### | 4 |
Phospholipase C | |||
Control | 38.8 (24.1–62.5) | 43 ± 6 | 4 |
U73,122 (10− 5 M) | ND | 8.6 ± 1.7⁎⁎ | 4 |
Phospholipase A2 | |||
Control | 29.6 (12.8–68.4) | 18 ± 2 | 3 |
PACOCF3 (10− 5 M) | 92.1 (55.5–152.8)⁎ | 18 ± 2 | 3 |
Rho-kinase | |||
Control | 26.2 (12.5–54.7) | 20 ± 4 | 3 |
Y-27,632 (10− 5 M) | 18.9 (5.9–61.0) | 11 ± 3⁎⁎ | 3 |
Control | 27.50 (13.24–57.1) | 26 ± 3 | 3 |
Fasudil (2 × 10− 5 M) | 18.9 (4.3–82.6) | 9 ± 1⁎⁎ | 3 |
COX-1 and COX-2 | |||
Control | 29.2 (17.0–50.1) | 25 ± 3 | 5 |
Indomethacin (10− 5 M) | ND | 10.4 ± 1.7⁎⁎ | 5 |
COX-2 | |||
Control | 28.9 (12.7–65.7) | 45 ± 1 | 3 |
Nimesulide (10− 5 M) | 57.6 (52.7–63.0)⁎ | 22 ± 2⁎⁎ | 3 |
Prostanoid EP1 receptor | |||
Control | 32.0 (21.1–48.7) | 20 ± 3 | 4 |
AH-6809 (10− 5 M) | 49.0 (32.6–73.7)* | 14 ± 3 | 4 |
Prostacyclin synthase/MAO | |||
Control | 29.4 (21.2–40.8) | 28 ± 7 | 5 |
Tranylcypromine (10− 5 M) | 20.1 (14.1–28.6)⁎ | 27 ± 3 | 5 |
Thromboxane TP receptor | |||
Control | 29.8 (20.5–43.4) | 24 ± 5 | 4 |
ICI 192605 (10− 6 M) | 28.8 (15.6–53.5) | 27 ± 5 | 4 |
Potency is represented as the geometric mean (with 95% confidence intervals) ED50 (nmole/100 μl) and the maximum response is displayed as arithmetic mean ± S.E.M maximum increase in perfusion pressure (mm Hg). n is the number of animals. * Represents significant differences from paired control values by Student's paired t-test, P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001. $$ Significant difference from unpaired controls by Student's unpaired t-test, P < 0.01. ## Significant differences between the l-NAME plus cocaine group and control or cocaine alone by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test, P < 0.003, ###P < 0.0001. ND, not determined.