Table 3.
Parameter estimates and SEs for the uptake of health check-ups in the UK
| Health check-up | Breast cancer screening | Cervical cancer screening | Blood pressure check | Cholesterol test | Dental screening | Eyesight test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health check-up in 1992 | 0.092 (0.064) | 0.229*** (0.044) | 0.107*** (0.035) | 0.139** (0.055) | 0.488*** (0.079) | 0.373*** (0.065) |
| Health check-up in 1993 | 0.044 (0.065) | 0.195*** (0.045) | 0.102*** (0.036) | 0.115** (0.054) | 0.223*** (0.085) | 0.343*** (0.064) |
| Health check-up in 1994 | 0.175*** (0.066) | 0.142*** (0.047) | 0.202*** (0.037) | 0.233*** (0.054) | 0.591*** (0.089) | 0.290*** (0.067) |
| Averaged HH income | –0.015 (0.026) | 0.008 (0.022) | –0.014 (0.018) | 0.003 (0.019) | 0.134*** (0.037) | 0.068** (0.029) |
| Averaged living with partner | 0.117 (0.135) | 0.017 (0.107) | –0.007 (0.076) | 0.102 (0.090) | –0.115 (0.129) | 0.064 (0.115) |
| Averaged number of children in HH | 0.032 (0.064) | 0.022 (0.046) | 0.012 (0.037) | –0.064 (0.044) | 0.084 (0.068) | 0.063 (0.058) |
| Averaged secondary education (ISCED) | –0.604 (0.423) | –0.169 (0.383) | –0.005 (0.213) | 0.466 (0.323) | –1.691*** (0.453) | –0.244 (0.339) |
| Averaged tertiary education (ISCED) | –0.498 (0.517) | –0.245 (0.427) | 0.030 (0.241) | 0.716** (0.351) | –1.495*** (0.479) | –0.143 (0.371) |
| Average status employed | 0.384*** (0.105) | –0.041 (0.093) | 0.173** (0.075) | 0.152* (0.081) | –0.073 (0.141) | –0.038 (0.117) |
| Averaged GP visit during past 12 months | 0.460*** (0.141) | –0.037 (0.120) | 0.240*** (0.090) | 0.243** (0.098) | 0.587*** (0.164) | 0.840*** (0.143) |
| Averaged health status self-rated good | 0.006 (0.127) | –0.029 (0.107) | –0.086 (0.082) | 0.052 (0.094) | –0.101 (0.174) | –0.118 (0.145) |
| Averaged health status self-rated fair | –0.021 (0.151) | –0.131 (0.136) | –0.217** (0.100) | –0.194* (0.109) | –0.225 (0.200) | –0.303* (0.171) |
| Averaged health status self-rated poor | 0.207 (0.247) | 0.189 (0.235) | –0.293 (0.187) | –0.022 (0.179) | –0.315 (0.313) | –0.306 (0.283) |
| Averaged health status self-rated very poor | –0.353 (0.432) | 0.129 (0.378) | –0.420 (0.333) | 0.078 (0.294) | –0.471 (0.456) | –0.420 (0.438) |
| Averaged status smoking | 0.118 (0.141) | –0.154 (0.118) | 0.188** (0.081) | 0.195** (0.091) | –0.113 (0.128) | –0.042 (0.119) |
| Averaged status moved residence | –0.487 (0.379) | 0.121 (0.293) | –0.003 (0.211) | –0.418* (0.248) | 0.069 (0.427) | 0.021 (0.354) |
| Averaged age | 0.029*** (0.004) | –0.006 (0.004) | –0.016*** (0.003) | –0.030*** (0.003) | –0.006 (0.006) | 0.000 (0.005) |
| Averaged health problems blood pressure | 0.317*** (0.083) | 0.001 (0.075) | ||||
| Averaged health problems diabetes | 0.166 (0.162) | –0.264* (0.144) | –0.254 (0.192) | |||
| Averaged health problems sight | –0.046 (0.232) | |||||
| Health check-up 1 year before (t−1) | 0.115** (0.048) | 0.233*** (0.039) | 0.501*** (0.027) | 0.950*** (0.035) | 1.014*** (0.051) | 0.247*** (0.041) |
| Health check-up 2 years before (t−2) | –0.030 (0.048) | –0.286*** (0.039) | 0.215*** (0.028) | 0.352*** (0.037) | 0.385*** (0.053) | 0.350*** (0.041) |
| Health check-up 3 years before (t−3) | 0.814*** (0.044) | 0.570*** (0.036) | 0.158*** (0.028) | 0.238*** (0.038) | 0.265*** (0.052) | 0.101** (0.041) |
| HH income | 0.006 (0.015) | 0.005 (0.013) | 0.002 (0.010) | 0.009 (0.011) | –0.024 (0.017) | –0.023 (0.016) |
| Living with partner | 0.034 (0.116) | 0.136 (0.086) | 0.065 (0.060) | –0.040 (0.076) | 0.215** (0.097) | –0.061 (0.087) |
| Number of children in HH | –0.135*** (0.048) | –0.001 (0.031) | –0.095*** (0.025) | –0.007 (0.033) | –0.002 (0.042) | –0.008 (0.038) |
| Secondary education (ISCED) | 0.645 (0.418) | 0.180 (0.377) | 0.094 (0.209) | –0.467 (0.319) | 1.715*** (0.445) | 0.247 (0.332) |
| Tertiary education (ISCED) | 0.581 (0.511) | 0.278 (0.419) | 0.115 (0.235) | –0.662* (0.346) | 1.585*** (0.467) | 0.160 (0.360) |
| Employed | –0.205*** (0.065) | 0.055 (0.056) | –0.098** (0.045) | –0.144*** (0.054) | –0.040 (0.078) | –0.094 (0.064) |
| GP visit during past 12 months | 0.169*** (0.058) | 0.419*** (0.048) | 1.036*** (0.034) | 0.664*** (0.046) | 0.096* (0.055) | 0.070 (0.050) |
| Health status self-rated good | 0.075 (0.063) | –0.039 (0.050) | 0.079** (0.038) | 0.046 (0.048) | –0.036 (0.070) | 0.066 (0.061) |
| Health status self-rated fair | 0.031 (0.076) | –0.031 (0.062) | 0.303*** (0.046) | 0.184*** (0.056) | –0.057 (0.081) | 0.140* (0.073) |
| Health status self-rated poor | 0.014 (0.101) | –0.048 (0.089) | 0.505*** (0.066) | 0.288*** (0.072) | –0.156 (0.106) | 0.203** (0.095) |
| Health status self-rated very poor | 0.048 (0.152) | –0.253* (0.144) | 0.669*** (0.122) | 0.448*** (0.111) | 0.262* (0.154) | 0.076 (0.142) |
| Smoking | –0.218* (0.123) | 0.131 (0.100) | –0.251*** (0.067) | –0.184** (0.079) | –0.186* (0.099) | –0.059 (0.093) |
| Moved residence | 0.051 (0.092) | –0.063 (0.070) | 0.146*** (0.051) | 0.023 (0.066) | –0.207** (0.086) | –0.075 (0.081) |
| Scotland | 0.013 (0.088) | 0.028 (0.075) | 0.050 (0.056) | 0.026 (0.059) | 0.046 (0.104) | 0.020 (0.098) |
| Wales | 0.147 (0.098) | –0.129 (0.093) | –0.063 (0.070) | –0.039 (0.070) | –0.114 (0.144) | –0.030 (0.107) |
| Ethnic origin non-white | 0.195 (0.199) | –0.242 (0.188) | 0.143 (0.146) | –.074 (0.146) | –0.207 (0.271) | –0.249 (0.221) |
| Age 50–64 | 0.644*** (0.046) | |||||
| Age 65–70 | –0.645*** (0.093) | |||||
| Age 71 and older | –1.149*** (0.099) | |||||
| Age 20–24 | 0.472*** (0.173) | |||||
| Age 25–49 | 0.327*** (0.087) | |||||
| Age 65 and older | 0.189*** (0.066) | |||||
| Age 40–49 | 0.137*** (0.042) | 0.660*** (0.059) | 0.130 (0.084) | 0.319*** (0.070) | ||
| Age 50–59 | 0.376*** (0.065) | 1.083*** (0.082) | 0.090 (0.129) | 0.454*** (0.104) | ||
| Age 60–69 | 0.608*** (0.086) | 1.544*** (0.107) | 0.014 (0.172) | 0.544*** (0.132) | ||
| Age 70–79 | 0.830*** (0.109) | 1.709*** (0.132) | –0.152 (0.213) | 0.703*** (0.162) | ||
| Age 80 and older | 1.034*** (0.137) | 1.966*** (0.160) | –0.400 (0.267) | 0.718*** (0.197) | ||
| Female sex | 0.094*** (0.033) | –0.152*** (0.034) | 0.100 (0.064) | 0.164*** (0.055) | ||
| Health problem blood pressure | 0.901*** (0.047) | 0.568*** (0.042) | ||||
| Health problem diabetes | 0.446*** (0.118) | 0.847*** (0.104) | 1.095*** (0.126) | |||
| Health problem sight | 0.415*** (0.091) | |||||
| Breast cancer screening policy change | 0.499*** (0.103) | |||||
| Cervical cancer screening policy change | –0.113** (0.045) | |||||
| Dental policy change | 0.068 (0.053) |
*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.001.
GP, general practitioner; HH, household; ISCED, International Standard Classification of Education.