Table 1.
| a | Patient demographics (total cohort, n=528) | |
|---|---|
| Characteristics | |
| Age (years), mean±s.d. | 60 ± 17 |
| Female % (n) | 39.8 (210) |
| Weight (kg), mean±s.d. | 80 ± 19 |
| APACHE II score, mean±s.d. | 18 ± 6.4 |
| SOFA score, mean±s.d. | 6.3 ±2.8 |
| Primary diagnosis (%) (n) | |
| Abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture and repair | 4.5 (24) |
| Abdominal surgery or inflammation | 10.2 (54) |
| Burns | 0.9 (5) |
| Cardiac arrest or failure | 11.9 (63) |
| Cardiac surgery | 17.8 (94) |
| Collapse, cause unknown | 0.6 (3) |
| Neurological surgery, injury, or seizure or hemorrhage | 14.0 (74) |
| Other | 0.6 (3) |
| Pulmonary or thoracic surgery or failure | 12.1 (64) |
| Sepsis | 19.1 (101) |
| Trauma | 8.1 (43) |
| Outcomes (%) (n) | |
| AKIN on entry | 27.8 (147) |
| AKIN48 | 15.5 (82) |
| RIFLE24 | 5.1 (27) |
| Dialysis within 7 days | 3.6 (19) |
| Died within 7 days | 10.2 (54) |
| b | Urinary biomarker concentrations on entry | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean±s.d. | Median (IQR) | Min | Max | |
| GGT (Units/l)/mmol/l Cr | 526 | 28 ±55 | 13 (7–25) | 1.9 | 923 |
| AP (Units/l)/mmol/l Cr | 526 | 1.7 ± 4.1 | 0.89 (0.46–1.8) | 0.00025 | 74.8 |
| CysC (mg/l)/mmol/l Cr | 522 | 0.40 ± 1.1 | 0.016 (0.001–0.17) | 0.0001 | 9.3 |
| NGAL (ng/ml)/mmol/l Cr | 487 | 140 ±410 | 8.0 (2.5–41) | 0.0001 | 3000 |
| IL-18 (pg/ml)/mmol/l Cr | 523 | 73 ± 340 | 0.001 (0.001–36)a | 0.0001 | 3100 |
| KIM-1 (pg/ml)/mmol/l Cr | 524 | 300 ± 1400 | 86 (37–210) | 0.56 | 2800 |
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; AKIN48, AKI within 48 h; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ICU, intensive care unit; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
Table modified from the study by Endre et al., 2010.16
AKIN on entry: ≥0.3 mg/dl or ≥50% increase in plasma creatinine from baseline on entry to the ICU.
AKIN48: Not AKIN on entry and ≥0.3 mg/dl or ≥50% increase in plasma creatinine from baseline within ~48 h.
RIFLE24: Not AKIN on entry and X50% increase in plasma creatinine sustained for ≥24h within 7 days.
Abbreviations: AP, alkaline phosphatase; Cr, creatinine; CysC, cystatin C; GGT, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; IL-18, interleukin-18; IQR, interquartile range; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1; NGAL, neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin.
See distribution in Figure 1.