. 2014 Jan;20(1):88–97. doi: 10.3201/eid2001.130858

Table. Comparison of the outcomes of experimental transmission and in vitro conversion studies of chronic wasting disease in human, humanized, and nonhuman primate model systems*.

Donor animal inoculum	In vivo			In vitro				Ref
Donor animal inoculum	Species inoculated	Animal (expression levels)/codon 129	Transmission	PrP source (expression levels)/codon 129	Method		Conversion	Ref
Mule deer, white-tailed deer, and elk				Cells 129M and 129V	C-FA		Pos	(28,29)
Elk	Humanized PrP transgenic mice	Tg-40 (1×)/129MM	Neg					(24)
Elk	Humanized PrP transgenic mice	Tg-1 (2×)/129MM	Neg					(24)
Mule deer	Squirrel monkeys	Saimiri sciureus (1×)	Pos					(20)
Mule deer, white-tailed deer, and elk	Humanized PrP transgenic mice	Tg(HuPrP)440 (2×)	Neg					(27)
Mule deer, white-tailed deer, and elk	Squirrel monkeys	Saimiri sciureus (1×)	Pos					(22)
Mule deer, white-tailed deer, and elk	Cynomolgus macaques	Macaca fascicularis (1×)	Neg					(22)
Mule deer and white-tailed deer				Tg-6816 (16×)/129M	PMCA		Neg	(31)
Mule deer and white-tailed deer				Tg-7823 (5×)/129V	PMCA		Neg	(31)
Mule deer	Humanized PrP transgenic mice	Tg-45 (4×)/129MM	Neg					(26)
		Tg-35 (2×)/129M	Neg
		Tg-152 (6×)/129VV	Neg
White-tailed deer	Humanized PrP transgenic mice	HuMM (1×)/129MM	Neg					(11)
White-tailed deer	Humanized PrP transgenic mice	HuVV (1×)/129VV	Neg					(11)
Mule deer				Tg-440 (2×)/129MM		PMCA	Pos (after in vitro conditioning)	(33)
Elk				Human brain (1×)/129MM		PMCA	Pos	This article
				Human brain (1×)/129VV		PMCA	Pos
				HuMM (1×)/129MM		PMCA	Pos
				HuVV(1×)/129VV		PMCA	Pos
				293F cell line(4×)/129M		PMCA	Pos
				293F cell line(2×)/129V		PMCA	Pos

*Numbers in parentheses denote the stated expression levels of PrP^c into the animal species and cell lines used. PrP, prion protein; C-FA, cell-free assay; pos, positive; neg, negative; PrP^c, host’s normal cellular PrP. Blank cells indicate no reported data.