Table 1.

Published reports on the categorization of drinking games in peer-reviewed journals in the last 10 years.

Author(s)/Type of Article	Source	Description of Drinking Games Categories
Borsari (2004) Review Article (12)	Provided descriptions of drinking games published in prior reports.	Described different drinking games according to their unique game playing features. Drinking games tend to fall into six categories: Motor skills (e.g. Quarters): In these games, participants perform a specific motor task; those who fail to perform the task are forced to drink. Verbal skills (e.g. Animal): Players repeat word sequences or phrases and a player who commits an enunciation error must drink. Gambling games (e.g. Three Man): These games are based on chance such as the roll of a die or flip of a card. Winners are not required to drink but losers are. Media games (e.g. Roxanne): Participants are required to drink based on a specific cue in a song or movie. Team games (e.g. Beer Pong): These games involve some type of competition between one or more teams. Consumption games (e.g. 100 min Club/Centurion, chug-offs): These games have few (if any)strategies or rules. The goal of these games is to consume as much alcohol as possible in the shortest amount of time.
Polizzotto et al. Empirical Article(13)	Conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 college students from Western Australia. Students were asked questions about their drinking games behaviors and specifics about the games played.	The researchers categorized drinking games according to: How competitive the game is (i.e. competitive games vs. non-competitive games) Whether the game requires some skills. The extent to which chance factors determine the outcome of the game.
		The table below presents examples of game categorization based on Polizotto et al. (2007).
		Type of game (Examples)	Does the game involve competition against another player or team?	Does the game require skills?	Is the outcome of the game determined by chance?
		Coins, Board Games (e.g. Trivial Pursuit)	Yes	Yes	No
		Centurion, Vodka Shootout	Yes	No	No
		Movie Game (e.g. “Star Wars”), “Never, Never”	No	No	No
		Dice/Card Games	No	No	Yes
LaBrie et al. Empirical Article (2)	3421 students from two colleges on the West coast region of the United States were asked to report the drinking games they had played in the last 30 days. The researchers conducted internet searchesfor rules and descriptions of the reported drinking games. A total of 100 distinct drinking games were identified.	The researchers derived five distinct and mutually exclusive categories of drinking games: Targeted and skill games (e.g. Speed Quarters): These games involve three or more players (no teams) and typically require players to use some skill or strategy to target other players to drink or avoid having to drink themselves. Communal games (external cure games, e.g. T.V. Games): There is no official winner or loser in these group-based games. Participants agree on a set of rules that dictate how much to drink and when. Players participate simultaneously and usually drink in response to an external cue (e.g. action, phrase, or event shown on television). Chance games (e.g. King's Cup): These games do not involve any (or only involve minimal) skill or strategy, and each player drinks in turn. The roll of a die or a random card drawing determines who will drink and how much will be consumed. Extreme consumption games (e.g. chugging): These games use simple rules (if there are any) that dictate rapid drinking only. These games consist of isolated episodes of fast-paced, usually high-volume alcohol consumption. Even competition games (e.g. Beer Pong): These games involve one-on-one or team versus team competition. The losing player or team must drink; the winning side (player or team) does not have to drink.
	Researchers then conducted two focus groups (with eight and nine undergraduate students, respectively) to verify the rules and descriptions of the drinking games obtained from the internet.

Prior to the past 10 years, Douglas (21), Green and Grider (22), and Newman et al. (23) also classified drinking games using somewhat similar (and in some cases highly similar) types of categories described in this table.