Table 1.
Overview of Neighborhood Variables in East London and England
| Variable | Percentile | Mean (SD) | Mann-Whitney 2-Sample Testz-Score; P-Value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10th | Median | 90th | ||||||||
| Index of Multiple deprivationa | 11.5; < 0.01 | |||||||||
| East London | 35.6 | 42.5 | 51.5 | 43.8 (6.1) | ||||||
| England | 6.8 | 14.7 | 35.5 | 18.3 (11.9) | ||||||
| Income inequalityb | −6.7; < 0.01 | |||||||||
| East London | 6.3 | 11.5 | 18.7 | 13.2 (6.6) | ||||||
| England | 8.1 | 21.1 | 35.1 | 21.5 (10.3) | ||||||
| Population density (people per hectare) | 11.8; < 0.01 | |||||||||
| East London | 47.8 | 108.6 | 150.0 | 102.8 (37.7) | ||||||
| England | 0.6 | 13.1 | 49.9 | 20.9 (25.0) | ||||||
| Social fragmentation indexc | 9.9; < 0.01 | |||||||||
| East London | 1.9 | 4.0 | 5.6 | 3.9 (1.5) | ||||||
| England | −3.2 | −0.6 | 4.0 | 0.0 (3.1) | ||||||
| Voter turnout (%)d | — | |||||||||
| East London | 26.4 | 33.4 | 39.1 | 32.9 (4.7) | ||||||
| England | — | — | — | 28.2 (−) | ||||||
| Own-group ethnic density (%)e | ||||||||||
| White British | 23.9 | 42.3 | 53.6 | 40.4 (11.8) | — | |||||
| Non-British white | 5.0 | 7.9 | 15.9 | 10.0 (4.6) | — | |||||
| Black Caribbean | 2.5 | 8.0 | 15.1 | 8.3 (4.6) | — | |||||
| Black African | 2.9 | 10.1 | 17.4 | 9.9 (5.5) | — | |||||
| Indian | 1.4 | 2.6 | 17.8 | 6.0 (7.4) | — | |||||
| Pakistani | 0.5 | 1.2 | 11.7 | 3.5 (4.9) | — | |||||
| Bangladeshi | 2.5 | 7.1 | 40.1 | 14.1 (15.3) | — | |||||
| Mixed, white & black Caribbean | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.2 (0.5) | — | |||||
| Mixed, other | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 2.2 (0.5) | — | |||||
| Other ethnicities | 2.7 | 4.3 | 7.3 | 4.7 (2.2) | — | |||||
| Own-group ethnic separation (%)e | ||||||||||
| White British | 14.0 | 21.0 | 30.3 | 21.3 (5.9) | — | |||||
| Non-British white | 11.1 | 18.2 | 27.1 | 18.4 (6.0) | — | |||||
| Black Caribbean | 13.8 | 19.4 | 28.7 | 20.2 (5.1) | — | |||||
| Black African | 17.1 | 25.3 | 32.7 | 24.9 (6.2) | — | |||||
| Indian | 20.8 | 29.6 | 38.1 | 29.5 (7.2) | — | |||||
| Pakistani | 21.5 | 43.8 | 64.3 | 43.1 (16.1) | — | |||||
| Bangladeshi | 23.7 | 34.2 | 44.1 | 33.8 (8.5) | — | |||||
| Mixed, white & black Caribbean | 23.7 | 32.0 | 54.5 | 35.1 (12.1) | — | |||||
| Mixed, other | 20.4 | 25.5 | 31.0 | 25.6 (4.3) | — | |||||
| Other ethnicities | 19.2 | 22.7 | 29.7 | 24.0 (4.5) | — | |||||
aIMD 2004 scores are on a continuous scale where higher scores indicate greater deprivation.
bWithin-neighborhood disparity in % of people classified as income deprived at SOA-level from IMD 2004, estimated by Gini coefficient. Summary statistics for England are approximate, based on 6,685 of 7,932 statistical ward, because scores could not be derived for statistical ward containing only a single SOA.
cHigher scores indicate greater social fragmentation. Derived using the method of Allardyce et al. using aggregated z-scores for % unmarried, % living alone, % living at a different address in previous year, % of privately rented accommodation. Estimated from 2001 census.
dLocal elections only held in 3,072 of 5271 wards in England in 1998. Average turnout = 28.2%.73 No comparison between England & ELFEP was possible as ward-level turnout for England was unavailable.
eEthnic density (% of own ethnic group in neighborhood) & separation scores (% segregation of own ethnic group from others) not provided for England for brevity.