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. 2013 Dec 23;4(1):69–74. doi: 10.5681/apb.2014.011

Table 3. Effects of energy drink alone or in combination with alcohol on plasma electrolytes, creatinine and urea of normal albino rats .

Parameters	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D	Control
K⁺ (mmol/l)	3.52 ± 0.07^a	3.57 ± 0.07^a	3.82 ± 0.21^b	4.05 ± 0.09^c	3.79 ± 0.24^d
Na⁺(mmol/l)	100.4 ± 3.4	98.4 ± 10.7	102.6 ± 2.8	105.9 ± 1.7	99.7 ± 1.7
Ca⁺⁺ (µmol/l)	2.06 ± 0.07^a	2.05 ± 0.09^a	1.92 ± 0.15^a	2.07 ± 0.25^a	1.77 ± 0.27^b
Urea (mmol/l)	3.32 ± 0.58^a	3.83 ± 0.31^a	3.38 ± 0.71^a	4.60 ± 0.28^b	3.05 ± 0.58^c
Uric acid(µmol/l)	119.8 ± 5.4^a	129.3 ± 14.2^a	140.0 ± 11.3^a	163.5 ± 10.6^b	140.5 ± 22.0^a
Creatinine (µmol/l)	40.6 ± 7.7^a	38.5 ± 4.2^a	44.6 ± 7.8^a	45.6 ± 15.2^b	29.2 ± 5.4^c