Figure 1. Larval survival during the 6-d development stage reared on artificial diet contaminated with four pesticides at the selected concentrations and a 1% solvent control.

(A) shows the cumulative mortality of honey bee larvae through 6-d development continually exposed to 34 mg/L Chlorothalonil, 3 mg/L Fluvalinate, 8 mg/L Coumaphos, 1.5 mg/L Chlorpyrifos and 1% solvent; (B) illustrates the conditional mortality for different development stages of bee larva. Asterisks denote significant difference from the respective solvent controls (analysis of variance, Log-rank test, p<0.0001).