Table 2.
Locations of the mental foramen in horizontal (percentage of occurrence) and vertical plane
| Study | Population | N | Horizontal plane |
Vertical plane | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apical to second
premolar |
Between apices of
premolars |
Other location | ||||
| Fishel et al. (1976) |
Caucasian | 1000 | 18.9 | 70.4 | Apex first premolar: 3.3
Mesial to first premolar: 1.5 Between premolar/molar: 6.6 By the molar: 1 |
Superior to the level of the apices of the premolars |
| Wang et al. (1986) |
Chinese | 100 | 59 | 21 | Between premolars/molars: 19
By the molar: 1 |
Distance between superior border of the MF and
the bottom of the lower second premolar socket: 2.50 mm |
| Kekere-Ekun (1989) |
Nigerian | 604 | 55.63 | 26.99 | Mesial to first premolar: 0.17
Apex first premolar: 1.66 Between premolar/molars: 12.3 By the molar: 3.3 |
Not measured |
| Shankland (1994) |
Asian Indians |
138 | 75.4 | 5.8 | Between premolar/molars: 14.5
By the molar: 4.3 |
Not measured |
| al Jasser and Nwoku (1998) |
Saudi | 414 | 45.3 | 42.7 | Not measured | Not measured |
| Ngeow and Yuzawati (2003) |
Malay | 169 | 69.2 | 19.6 | Apex first premolar: 3.4
Between premolar/molar: 6.6 By the molar: 1 |
Not measured |
| Neiva et al. (2004) |
Caucasian | 22 | 42 | 58 | Not measured | Distance between MF and CEJ of teeth: 15.52 ± 2.37 mm |
| Apinhasmit et al. (2006) |
Thai | 106 | 56.9 | 28.7 | Between premolar/molar: 10.2
Apex first premolar: 3 By the molar: 1.2 |
Not measured |
| Kim et al. (2006) |
Korean | 72 | 64.3 | 26.8 | Apex first premolar: 8.9 | Distance between the cusp tip and the superior
border of the mental foramen: 23.42 mm |
| Fabian (2007) |
Tanzanian | 100 | 45 | 12 | Between premolar/molar: 35
By the molar: 8 |
Not measured |
| Haghanifar and Rokouei (2009) |
Iranian | 400 | 46 | 47.2 | Between premolar/molar: 5.3
By the molar: 1.5 |
Not measured |