Table 1.
Classification system of the jawbone anatomy in endosseous dental implant treatment
| Edentulous jaw segment parameters | Edentulous jaw segment types (risk degree) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type I
(low risk) |
Type II
(moderate risk) |
Type III
(high risk) |
||
| Non aesthetic zone | ||||
| Height (mm) | Maxilla | > 10 | > 8 to ≤ 10 > 4 to ≤ 10 in MSR | ≤ 8 ≤ 4 in MSR |
| Mandible | > 10 | > 8 to ≤ 10 | ≤ 8 | |
| Width (mm) | > 6 | > 4 to ≤ 6 | < 4 | |
| Length (mm) | ≥ 7 or ≤ 12 | ≥ 6 or ≤ 13 | < 6 or > 13 | |
| Alveolar ridge vertical position (mm) | ≤ 3 | > 3 to < 7 | ≥ 7 | |
| Aesthetic zone | ||||
| Height (mm) | Maxilla | > 10 | > 8 to ≤ 10 > 4 to ≤ 10 in MSR | ≤ 8 ≤ 4 in MSR |
| Mandible | > 10 | > 8 to ≤ 10 | ≤ 8 | |
| Width (mm) | Optimal implant diameter + 3 | Optimal implant diameter + < 3 | Optimal implant diameter + ≤ 0 | |
| Length (mm) | Equal to contralateral tooth | Asymmetry with contralateral tooth < 1 | Asymmetry with contralateral tooth ≥ 1 | |
| Alveolar ridge vertical position (mm) | ≤ 1 | > 1 to ≤ 3 | > 3 | |
| Interdental bone peak height (mm) | Mesial | 3 to 4 | ≥ 1 to < 3 | < 1 |
| Distal | 3 to 4 | ≥ 1 to < 3 | < 1 | |
| MC region (IAN injury risk degree) | ||||
|
MC walls identification and jawbone
quality typea combination |
Identified MC walls/D2
and D3 |
Unindentified superior
MC wall/D1 and D4 |
Unindentified MC/D1 and D4 | |
aD = bone quality defined according to Lekholm and Zarb (1985). MC = mandibular canal; IAN = inferior alveolar nerve; MSR = maxillary sinus region.