Table 5.

Multivariate associations (odds-ratios) of type and number of temporally primary (based on retrospective reports) with subsequent first onset of lifetime suicidality¹

Lifetime DSM-IV disorders	In the total sample		Among lifetime ideators
	Ideation	Attempt	Plan	Attempt with a control for plan2	Attempt with interactions by plan2
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Fear/anger disorders
Specific phobia	1.2 (0.9–1.6)	1.0 (0.6–1.6)	1.1 (0.6–2.0)	0.9 (0.5–1.8)	1.0 (0.5–2.0)
Panic disorder and/or agoraphobia	1.1 (0.6–1.8)	0.9 (0.4–2.3)	0.9 (0.4–2.2)	0.9 (0.3–2.9)	0.8 (0.3–2.3)
Social phobia	1.0 (0.7–1.4)	0.7 (0.3–1.7)	0.7 (0.3–1.4)	1.0 (0.3–3.6)	1.0 (0.3–3.9)
Intermittent explosive disorder	1.5* (1.0–2.1)	1.4 (0.7–3.0)	1.4 (0.8–2.4)	1.6 (0.7–3.4)	---
Intermittent explosive disorder with a Suicide Plan	---	---	---	---	4.2* (1.7–10.0)
Intermittent explosive disorder without a Suicide Plan	---	---	---	---	0.5 (0.1–1.7)
Distress disorders
Separation anxiety disorder	0.7 (0.4–1.2)	0.3* (0.1–0.6)	0.4 (0.1–1.2)	0.4 (0.1–1.1)	---
Separation anxiety disorder with a Suicide Plan	---	---	---	---	0.1* (0.0–0.3)
Separation anxiety disorder without a Suicide Plan	---	---	---	---	1.0 (0.4–2.9)
Post-traumatic stress disorder	1.7* (1.2–2.4)	2.6* (1.5–4.5)	2.0 (0.9–4.2)	1.2 (0.5–2.7)	1.6 (0.7–3.7)
Major depressive disorder or dysthymia	4.1* (3.0–5.5)	4.3* (2.3–8.3)	2.0* (1.1–3.8)	2.4* (1.1–5.2)	2.0 (1.0–4.1)
Generalized anxiety disorder	1.1 (0.6–1.8)	1.0 (0.3–3.1)	0.8 (0.4–1.8)	0.8 (0.2–2.7)	0.8 (0.2–2.9)
Disruptive behavior disorders
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder	1.1 (0.7–1.7)	1.6 (0.9–2.9)	0.9 (0.5–1.5)	2.1 (0.9–4.8)	2.5* (1.1–5.5)
Oppositional-defiant disorder	1.6* (1.1–2.3)	1.5 (0.8–2.9)	0.7 (0.4–1.4)	1.3 (0.6–2.6)	1.4 (0.7–2.9)
Conduct disorder	0.8 (0.5–1.2)	0.9 (0.5–1.8)	0.9 (0.5–1.7)	3.2* (1.6–6.3)	---
Conduct disorder with a Suicide Plan	---	---	---	---	1.0 (0.4–2.7)
Conduct disorder without a Suicide Plan	---	---	---	---	8.0* (3.5–18.3)
Any eating disorder	1.5* (1.1–2.2)	2.8* (1.4–5.4)	0.6 (0.2–1.8)	4.5* (1.8–11.2)	5.3* (2.0–14.0)
Substance abuse3
Alcohol abuse	2.5* (1.5–4.1)	0.9 (0.4–1.9)	1.4 (0.5–3.8)	0.4* (0.2–0.8)	0.3* (0.1–1.0)
Illicit drug abuse	1.5 (0.9–2.6)	1.3 (0.6–2.9)	0.4* (0.2–0.8)	1.0 (0.4–2.3)	0.8 (0.3–2.1)
Other Disorders
Bipolar I or II	1.7* (1.0–2.8)	2.6* (1.1–6.0)	1.9 (0.8–4.9)	2.3 (0.8–6.4)	2.2 (0.7–7.2)
Number of disorders
2 disorders	1.9* (1.3–2.9)	1.5 (0.7–3.3)	1.5 (0.7–3.3)	0.7 (0.3–1.7)	0.7 (0.2–2.1)
3+ disorders	1.9* (1.0–3.7)	3.4* (1.0–11.9)	2.3 (0.7–7.4)	0.7 (0.2–2.4)	0.7 (0.2–2.4)
Suicide plan	---	---	---	5.3* (3.2–8.8)	5.0* (2.4–10.5)
(n)4	(6,483)	(6,483)	(717)	(514)	(203)

^*Significant at the .05 level, two-sided test.

¹Results are based on discrete-time survival models. Models control for all the demographic variables from Table 2 and person-years (each year coded as a dichotomous dummy, starting from year 4).. Time-varying disorders were not time-lagged (turns on the year of onset for the disorder).

²A dummy predictor variable for having a plan was included in both models. In the model that merely controlled for plan, this was the only additional predictor, which means that it was implicitly assumed that the ORs of temporally primary disorders predicting subsequent attempt were the same for planned and unplanned attempts. In the model that also included interactions, subgroup coding was used to estimate ORs of disorders separately with planned and unplanned attempts for the subset of disorders in which the difference between these two ORs was found to statistically significant and stable.

³With or without a history of dependence

⁴Denominator n for each column.