Table 1a.

Distribution of births to women in seven ethnic groups across covariate levels: New York City 1995–2003.

Variable	Ethnic Group
	Non-Hispanic white		Non-Hispanic black		Spanish Caribbean		Central American		South American		East Asian		South Asian
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Ethnic N, % of sample	237,528	27	256,673	29	181,539	20	73,096	8	43,324	5	53,867	6	41,860	5
Preterm Birth
No	225,049	95	228,859	89	165,552	91	68,027	93	40,658	94	51,379	95	38,672	92
Yes	12,479	5	27,814	11	15,987	9	5069	7	2666	6	2488	5	3188	8
Ethnic density
≤25%	23,813	10	40,657	16	30,959	17	18,939	26	11,428	26	24,573	46	29,063	69
>25%	213,715	90	216,016	84	150,580	83	54,157	74	31,896	74	29,294	54	12,797	31
Age (years)
<20	5031	2	27,714	11	24,281	13	8349	11	2633	6	448	1	874	2
20–34	170,326	72	183,203	71	134,588	74	57,939	79	31,915	74	41,836	78	34,619	83
35+	62,171	26	45,756	18	22,670	12	6808	9	8776	20	11,583	22	6367	15
Maternal education (years)
<12, age <20	2702	1	18,130	7	18,207	10	6532	9	1663	4	247	0	460	1
<12, age ≥20	15,526	7	46,091	18	49,101	27	36,667	51	10,619	25	13,274	25	8058	20
12	80,302	34	93,299	37	58,735	33	20,266	28	15,968	38	18,605	35	15,330	38
13–15	41,003	17	63,635	25	37,848	21	5382	8	8617	20	6395	12	6729	17
16+	95,868	41	31,678	13	15,504	9	2896	4	5657	13	14,345	27	9842	24
Previous births
1	114,737	48	107,920	42	75,767	42	30,088	41	19,275	44	28,820	54	18,849	45
2–5	115,855	49	144,273	56	104,098	57	42,538	58	23,798	55	25,031	46	22,844	55
6+	6899	3	4469	2	1673	1	470	1	249	1	16	0	167	0
Prepregnancy weight (pounds)a
<125	67,539	31	44,777	19	46,723	28	23,256	36	12,191	33	33,819	67	14,379	41
125–150	96,342	44	86,615	37	69,973	41	27,394	43	16,953	46	14,394	28	14,567	41
4150	55,268	25	104,617	44	51,984	31	13,376	21	7914	21	2432	5	6187	18
Tobacco use
Nonsmoker	228,429	96	240,397	94	171,968	95	72,572	100	42,920	99	53,477	100	41,672	100
Smoker	8436	4	14,690	6	8683	5	304	0	257	1	241	0	91	0
Late or no prenatal carea
No	184,814	88	169,652	75	125,985	78	48,797	73	29,220	76	41,194	83	27,976	74
Yes	25,764	12	56,563	25	34,780	22	17,781	27	9455	24	8597	17	10,031	26
Payment for delivery
Private insurance	170,109	72	86,774	35	47,773	26	7566	10	11,090	26	21,057	40	14,996	36
Medicaid	56,564	24	155,211	62	127,806	71	62,188	86	30,287	70	29,655	56	24,964	60
Self pay	9841	4	9095	4	4843	3	2826	4	1646	4	2539	5	1660	4
Nativity
US-born	163,344	69	141,969	56	86,101	48	3685	5	4116	10	2490	5	950	2
Foreign-born	73,300	31	112,966	44	94,940	52	69,357	95	39,183	90	51,194	95	40,848	98
Residential stability
Less stable	110,934	47	102,521	40	92,175	51	48,002	66	31,521	73	31,797	59	28,372	68
More stable	126,567	53	154,139	60	89,359	49	25,090	34	11,800	27	22,069	41	13,486	32
Neighborhood deprivation
Richer	198,036	83	93,087	36	41,610	23	24,552	34	22,758	53	32,428	60	31,811	76
Poorer	39,458	17	163,559	64	139,911	77	48,538	66	20,563	47	21,437	40	10,044	24

^aVariables were missing for less than 4% of observations, with exception of prepregnancy weight (missingness ranged from 6.0% in East Asians to 16.1% in South Asians) and prenatal care (missingness ranged from 7.6% in East Asians to 11.9% in non-Hispanic blacks).