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. 2014 Feb 19;369(1636):20130038. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0038

Table 2.

Expressions for the number of point sources, P, seen by a visual channel (pixel) viewing an extended target with distributed photophores, or with plankton causing stimulated bioluminescence (SB).

type of point sources point source density (per unit area or unit volume) target area or volume total number of point sources viewed by the target pixel
photophore array, square packing Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
photophore array, hexagonal packing Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
photophore array, random distribution Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
SB, side view of moving target Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
SB, side view of luminous wake Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
SB, approaching target Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic