Table 4.
Summary of findings of related studies
| Author | Pt | Hips | Age (range) | Non-amb | Technique | Side unilateral/bilateral | Imm | FU (years) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hoffer [6] | 20 | 25 | 8.9 (4.5–15) | 65 % | VDRO | 15 (75 %)/5 (25 %) | 2–8 weeks | 11.5 |
| Sturm [17] | 21 | 28 | 19 (3.3–31) | 75 % | Procedure not specified | 14 (67 %)/7 (33 %) | 6–12 weeks | NR |
| Brunner [4] | 47 | 64 | 10.3 (3.4–19.4) | 68 % | VDRO + OR | 30 (47 %)/17 (53 %) | 6 weeks | Clin (6.8) Rad (3) |
| Root [12] | 31 | 35 | 12 (4–23) | 71 % | VDRO + OR + PO (26 Salter, 5 Chiari, 3 Shelf, 1 Pem) | 27 (87 %)/4 (13 %) | 6 weeks | 7 |
| Gordon [5] | 44 | 52 | 8.8 (4.4–16.4) | 75 % | PO (Pemberton) ± VDRO (50) ± femur shortening (15) ± STR (37) ± OR (13) | 36 (82 %)/8 (18 %) | 6–10 weeks | 4 |
| Miller [23] | 51 | 70 | 9.9 (3.3–20) | 86 % | VDRO ± PO (59) ± OR (6) VDRO (11) | 42 (82 %)/9 (18 %) | None | 2.77 |
| Shea [21] | 15 | 19 | 7.75 (3.4–12.2) | 27 % | PO (Pemberton) ± STL (9) ± VDRO (13) ± OR (3) | 11 (73 %)/4 (17 %) | 6 weeks | 10.75 |
| Song [15] | 39 | 55 | 8.8 (3–15) | 79 % | VDRO (31) VDRO + PO (24) | 23 (59 %)/16 (41 %) | 6 weeks | 4.5 |
| Stasikelis [16] | 79 | 119 | 7.3 (2–17.8) | 84 % | VDRO + STR ± PO (25) | 39 (49 %)/40 (51 %) (9 staged, 31 at index) | NR | 2.4 |
| McNerney [9] | 75 | 104 | 8.1 (1.1–19.2) | 96 % | Index side: VDRO + STR ± OR (69) + PO Other side: VDRO (55) ± PO (2 Salter) | 20 (27 %)/55 (73 %) | 4–6 weeks | 6.9 |
| Noonan [11] | 65 | 79 | 7.6 (3.1–16.8) | 92 % | VDRO (30) VDRO + OR (49) | 51 (78 %)/14 (22 %) | NR | 5.2 |
| Sankar [13] | 12 | 14 | 10.6 | 75 % | VDRO + STR + Obt Neur + OR + PO | 10 (83 %)/2 (17 %) | 4–6 weeks | 16.7 |
| Al-Ghadir [18] | 39 | 52 | 8.1 + 3.6 years | 100 % | A: VDRO (16) B: VDRO + PO (36) | 26 (67 %)/13 (33 %) | NR | 4.4 |
| Luegmair [8] | 19 | 19 | 14.6 (12–17.9) | 68 % | Shelf (19) ± VDRO (5) ± STR (11) ± OR (1) | 19 (100 %)/0 | 6 weeks | 5.4 |
| Khalife [7] | 50 | 89 | 7.4 (4–15) | 46 % | VDRO ± PO (40 Dega, 17 Salter) ± OR (20) | 11 (22 %)/39 (78 %) | 3 weeks | 6 |
| Canavese [24] | 27 | 27 | 6.8 (2–15) | 93 % | VDRO + STR (22) VDRO + STR +PO (5) | 27 (100 %)/0 | NR | 2 |
| N = 16 | 634 | 851 | ||||||
| Current study | 61 | 93 | 8.1 (2.6–14.7) | 100 % | VDRO + STR ± PO | 34 (55 %)/28 (45 %) | 8.9 |
| Author | NSA (°) Preop/FU | AI (°) Preop/FU | RMI (%) Preop/FU | Complications | Compl Rate* (%) | Resubluxate/redislocate | Sink grades (% of complications) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hoffer [6] | 155/125 | 28/27 | NR | AVN (1), Pin drainage (4), Excessive varus angulation (3) | 65 | 4/1 | I (8, 57 %) IIIb (5, 36 %) IV (1, 7 %) |
| Sturm [17] | NR | NR | NR | Fx (10) | 48 | NR | II (10, 100 %) |
| Brunner [4] | NR | NR | NR | Fx (3), Inf (1) | 47 | 15/3 | II (4, 18 %) IIIb (18, 82 %) |
| Root [12] | NR | 50/40 | 74/25 | AVN (10), Technical error pelvic osteotomy (1), Fx (3), HO (2), Trochanteric bursitis (1) | 68 | 4/0 | I (14, 67 %) II (3, 14 %) IIIb (4, 19 %) |
| Gordon [5] | NR | NR | NR | Delayed union (2), Pneum (2), Skin ulcer (2) | 14 | None | I (4, 67 %) II (2, 33 %) |
| Miller [23] | Nonamb: 150/104 Amb: 148/115 | NR | VDRO: 43/9 VDRO + PO: 74/5 | Pneum (1), HO (1), PTX (1), UTI (1), Inf (3), Fx (3), Skin breakdown (6), AVN (6) | 51 | 2/2 | I (13, 50 %) II (5, 19 %) IIIa (4, 15 %) IIIb (4, 15 %) |
| Shea [21] | NR | 28/11 | 55/12 | None | 0 | None | None |
| Song [15] | VDRO: 157/133 VDRO + PO: 159/132 | VDRO: 28/24 VDRO + PO: 29/18 | VDRO: 54/27 VDRO + PO: 63/11 | Fx (10), Implant failure (2), AVN (2), HO (1) | 67 | 9/2 | I (1, 4 %) II (10, 38 %) IIIb (13, 50 %) IV (2, 8 %) |
| Stasikelis [16] | NR | NR | NR | Death (3), Fx (25), Decub ulcers (5) | 42 | NR | I (5, 15 %) II (25, 76 %) V (3, 10 %) |
| McNerney [9] | NR | 26/11 | 66/14 | Technical error pelvic osteotomy (1), AVN (8), Wound infection (3), HO (7), Coxa vara (2), Death (1), Severe windblown hips (1) | 37 | 5/0 | I (11, 39 %) II (3, 11 %) IIIb(5, 18 %) IV (8, 29 %) V (14 %) |
| Noonan [11] | 153/131 | 32/25 | 82/28 | HO (1),Infection (2), Delayed unions (2), Pressure sore (6), Windswept hips (6), Abduction contracture (4), Fx (9), Incongruent/DJD (16), AVN (4) | 81 | 18(with RMI > 35 %)/3 | I (29, 40 %) II (17, 24 %) IIIb (22, 31 %) IV (4, 6 %) |
| Sankar [13] | NR | NR | 100/11 | Fx (8), Arthritis (1) | 75 | None | I (1, 11 %) II (8, 89 %) |
| Al-Ghadir [18] | A: 153/120 B: 159/121 | A: 24/11 B: 24/20 | A: 62/10 B: 63/18 | HO (1) | 13 | 4/0 | I (1, 20 %) IIIb (4, 80 %) |
| Luegmair [8] | NR | 51/35 | 64/10 | Hematoma (1), Stiffness (1) Graft resorption (1) Windblown hip (1) Arthritis (1) | 42 | 0/3 | I (5, 63 %) IIIb (3, 37 %) |
| Khalife [7] | 145/130 | VDRO: 30/30 VDRO + PO: 21/21 | 19/22 | HO (1), Fx (1), AVN (33) | 94 | 12/0 | I (1, 2 %) II (1, 2 %) IIIb (12, 26 %) IV (33, 70 %) |
| Canavese [24] | NR | I/L: 52/44 C/L: 51/43 | I/L: 48/18 C/L: 53/23 | NR | NR | 6/0 | IIIb (6, 100 %) |
| N = 16 | |||||||
| Current study | NR | NR | NR/27 | Decubitus ulcers (3), HO (1), Pain (2), Atelectasis (2), Fx (8), Malignant hyperthermia (1), Inf (1), UTI (1), Respiratory failure (1), Sympt implant (5), loss of fixation (1), AVN (1) | 47 | 2/6 | I (8, 23 %) II (11, 32 %) IIIa (1, 3 %) IIIb (14, 41 %) IV (1, 3 %) |
Age is reported in years
Pt patient, Imm length of immobilization in weeks, NSA femoral neck shaft angle, AI acetabular index (angle formed by line from lateral triradiate cartilage to acetabulum edge and Hilgenrieners line), FU follow up, VDRO varus derotation osteotomy, OR open reduction, PO pelvic osteotomy, NR not reported, AVN avascular necrosis, Fx fracture, HO heterotopic ossification, Pneum pneumothorax, DJD degenerative joint disease, Clin clinical follow up, Rad radiological follow up
* Complication rate is calculated [(total complications + failures to cure)/total patients]