Table 2.
Potential seed dormancy classes of the investigated species based on the reference species with a literature-based description of endosperm characteristics, embryo type, and potential for water impermeability of the seed coat (PWI).
| Species | Reference speciesa | Endospermb | Embryoc | PWId | Dormancy classese |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achillea moschata | Achillea (3 sp.) | Not present | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Anthyllis alpicola | A. vulneraria | Non-starchy | Bent | Yes | PY/PY + PD |
| Arabis caerulea | Arabis (6 sp.) | Not present | Bent | No | ND/PD |
| Arenaria ciliata | Arenaria (6 sp.) | Conspicuouslyf | Peripheral | No | ND/PD |
| Artemisia genipi | Artemisia (11 sp.) | Not present | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Campanula scheuchzeri | C. americanag | Non-starchy | Linear underdeveloped | No | MD/MPD |
| Carex bicolor | Carex (139 sp.) | Starchy | Capitate | No | ND/PD |
| Cerastium uniflorum | C. uniflorumh | Conspicuouslyf | Peripheral | No | ND/PD |
| Comastoma tenellum | Gentiana (8 sp.), G. pyrenaicai | Non-starchy | Linear underdeveloped | No | MD/MPD |
| Draba aizoides | Draba (4 sp.) | Not present | Bent | No | ND/PD |
| Draba dubia | Draba (4 sp.) | Not present | Bent | No | ND/PD |
| Draba hoppeana | Draba (4 sp.) | Not present | Bent | No | ND/PD |
| Epilobium fleischeri | Epilobium (12 sp.) | Not present | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Erigeron uniflorus | Erigeron (13 sp.) | Not present | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Gentiana orbicularis | Gentiana (8 sp.), G. pyrenaicai | Non-starchy | Linear underdeveloped | No | MD/MPD |
| Geum reptans | Geum (8 sp.) | Not present | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Leontodon hispidus | Leontodon sp. | Not present | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Linaria alpina | Linaria (3 sp.) | Non-starchy | Linear fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Minuartia gerardii | Arenaria (6 sp.) | Conspicuouslyf | Peripheral | No | ND/PD |
| Oxyria digyna | O. digyna | Conspicuouslyf | Peripheral | No | ND/PD |
| Poa alpina | Poa (16 sp.) | Starchy | Lateral | No | ND/PD |
| Potentilla aurea | Potentilla (23 sp.) | Non-starchy | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Potentilla frigida | Potentilla (23 sp.) | Non-starchy | Spatulate fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Ranunculus glacialis | R. glacialisj | Non-starchy | Rudimentary | No | MD/MPD |
| Saxifraga aizoides | S. oppositifoliah,k | Non-starchy | Linear fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Saxifraga oppositifolia | S. oppositifoliah,k | Non-starchy | Linear fully developed | No | ND/PD |
| Silene exscapa | S. acaulis | Conspicuouslyf | Peripheral | No | ND/PD |
| Trifolium pallescens | Trifolium (18 sp.) | Non-starchy | Bent | Yes | PY/PY + PD |
ND = non-dormant; PD = physiological dormancy; MD = morphological dormancy; MPD = morphophysiological dormancy; PY = physical dormancy; PY + PD = combinational dormancy.
All from Martin (1946) if not otherwise indicated.
As in Martin (1946).
Determined from reference species according to Baskin and Baskin (2007).
Family comprises of species with water impermeable seed coats (Baskin et al., 2000).
Inferred from endosperm characteristics, embryo type, and water impermeability of seed coat (Baskin and Baskin, 2004b).
Actually perisperm.
Borderline case with embryo:seed length ratio = 0.5–0.6.