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. 2013 Jul 9;22(11):2438–2444. doi: 10.1007/s00586-013-2892-4

Table 4.

Measurements of the thoracic parameters according to T4–T12 kyphosis

Normokyphosis (N = 36) Hypokyphosis (<20°, N = 44) p
Thoracic volume 5,186 ± 996 mm3 4,818 ± 829 mm3 0.09
SPIa 12.4 ± 1.9 % 13.8 ± 1.4 % 0.0004
SPIm 7.9 ± 1.1 % 8.9 ± 1.1 % 0.0009

Values are presented with standard deviation

SPIa apical spinal penetration index, SPIm mean spinal penetration index