Table 1.

Pharmacokinetic values for penciclovir after oral and rectal administration of a single dose of famciclovir to young (4.5- to 9-year-old) Asian elephants (Elephas maximus).

Dose and route	Variable	Mean ± SD	Median	Range
5 mg/kg, PO	AUC0–Tlast (h•μg/mL)	2.20 ± 0.68	2.30	1.3–2.90
	Cmax (μg/mL)	1.30 ± 0.77	1.20	0.58–2.30
	Tmax (h)	1.10 ± 0.63	0.84	0.68–2.00
	t1/2 (h)	1.60*	3.80	0.55–7.10
5 mg/kg, per rectum	AUC0–Tlast (h•μg/mL)	2.40 ± 1.10	2.10	1.30–3.90
	Cmax (μg/mL)	1.20 ± 0.12	1.20	1.00–1.30
	Tmax (h)	0.34 ± 0.02	0.34	0.32–0.35
	t1/2 (h)	2.20*	2.50	1.50–3.30
15 mg/kg, per rectum	AUC0–Tlast (h•μg/mL)	8.50 ± 3.50	8.80	4.30–12.00
	Cmax (μg/mL)	3.60 ± 1.40	4.10	1.60–4.70
	Tmax (h)	0.66 ± 0.24	0.61	0.43–0.98
	t1/2 (h)	2.60*	2.40	2.10–3.60

Values reported represent results for 4 elephants/treatment.

^*Value reported is the harmonic mean.