Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of 528 High‐Risk Patients
| All High‐risk Patients (n=528) | RHI | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High RHI 0.531< (n=267) | Low RHI ≤0.531 (n=261) | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 67.2 (10.7) | 66.2 (11.3) | 68.2 (9.9) | 0.027 |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 365 (69.1) | 168 (62.9) | 197 (75.5) | 0.0019 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 24.2 (3.5) | 24.0 (3.5) | 24.3 (3.4) | 0.297 |
| Hypertension, no. (%) | 429 (81.3) | 210 (78.7) | 219 (83.9) | 0.147 |
| Diabetes, no. (%) | 248 (47.0) | 128 (47.9) | 120 (46.0) | 0.664 |
| Dyslipidemia, no. (%) | 438 (83.0) | 222 (83.1) | 216 (82.8) | 0.908 |
| Current smoking, no. (%) | 112 (21.2) | 47 (17.6) | 65 (24.9) | 0.043 |
| Family history of CAD, no. (%) | 130 (24.6) | 75 (28.1) | 55 (21.1) | 0.069 |
| Systolic BP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 129.3 (18.4) | 129.1 (18.6) | 129.4 (18.2) | 0.890 |
| Diastolic BP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 72.7 (12.1) | 71.9 (12.3) | 73.5 (11.8) | 0.149 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, mean (SD), % | 6.4 (1.0) | 6.4 (1.0) | 6.4 (1.1) | 0.912 |
| Total/HDL cholesterol ratio, mean (SD) | 3.7 (1.1) | 3.6 (1.1) | 3.7 (1.1) | 0.049 |
| LDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 105.2 (31.6) | 106.1 (32.2) | 104.3 (30.9) | 0.525 |
| HDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 51.9 (14.5) | 53.7 (14.6) | 50.1 (14.1) | 0.0042 |
| Triglycerides, median (IQR), mg/dL | 115 (83 to 154) | 115 (80 to 151) | 116 (85 to 160) | 0.561 |
| LVEF, mean (SD), % | 63.6 (6.9) | 64.0 (7.2) | 63.2 (6.8) | 0.220 |
| BNP, median (IQR), pg/mL | 28.6 (13.3 to 62.3) | 28.0 (11.5 to 54.4) | 29.4 (15.0 to 67.9) | 0.019 |
| hsCRP, median (IQR), mg/L | 0.76 (0.30 to 1.80) | 0.70 (0.30 to 1.76) | 0.90 (0.37 to 1.90) | 0.192 |
| eGFR, mean (SD), mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 67.3 (18.1) | 68.8 (17.1) | 65.8 (19.1) | 0.057 |
| Aspirin, no. (%) | 434 (82.2) | 202 (75.7) | 232 (88.9) | 0.0001 |
| HMG‐CoA RIs, no. (%) | 373 (70.6) | 178 (66.7) | 195 (74.7) | 0.045 |
| CCB, no. (%) | 305 (57.8) | 142 (53.2) | 163 (62.5) | 0.035 |
| ACE‐I or ARB, no. (%) | 296 (56.1) | 142 (53.2) | 154 (59.0) | 0.189 |
| β‐blockers, no. (%) | 228 (43.2) | 105 (39.3) | 123 (47.1) | 0.079 |
| Anti‐diabetic drugs, no. (%) | 175 (33.1) | 90 (33.7) | 85 (32.6) | 0.782 |
| Coronary artery disease, no. (%) | 442 (83.7) | 190 (71.2) | 252 (96.6) | <0.0001 |
| FRS, median (IQR), % | 8.0 (4.0 to 11.0) | 7.0 (2.0 to 11.0) | 9.0 (7.0 to 13.0) | <0.0001 |
| SYNTAXsc, median (IQR) | 13.0 (5.0 to 20.0) | 9.0 (0.0 to 18.0) | 16.0 (7.8 to 22.5) | <0.0001 |
| SYNTAXsc ≥23, no. (%) | 91 (17.2) | 34 (12.7) | 57 (21.8) | 0.0058 |
| RHI, mean (SD) | 0.566 (0.210) | 0.725 (0.168) | 0.402 (0.088) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiovascular events, no. (%) | 105 (19.9) | 22 (8.2) | 83 (31.8) | <0.0001 |
Data are the mean (SD), median values (25th to 75th percentile range), or no. (%). Significance was assessed by an unpaired t test, the Mann‐Whitney U test or Fisher's exact test. ACE‐I indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blockers; BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; CCB, calcium channel blockers; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FRS, Framingham Risk Score; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; HMG‐CoA RIs, hydroxymethylglutaryl‐CoA reductase inhibitors; hsCRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; RHI, reactive hyperemia‐peripheral arterial tonometry index; SD, standard deviation; SYNTAXsc, Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score.