Table 3.

Generalized Linear Model Predicting Stroke‐Related Costs in the 12 Months Following the Index Event, by Stroke Type

Stroke Type	Ischemic Stroke*			Hemorrhagic Stroke*			TIA*
Predictor Variable	Coefficient	Standard Error	P Value	Coefficient	Standard Error	P Value	Coefficient	Standard Error	P Value
Intercept	10.392	0.0209	<0.0001	11.048	0.0548	<0.0001	9.2636	0.02	<0.0001
AF cohort	0.1847	0.0125	<0.0001	0.1179	0.038	0.0019	0.1717	0.0147	<0.0001
Hemorrhage Subtype (vs Other and unspecified intracranial hemorrhage)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage	—	—	—	0.7295	0.0301	<0.0001	—	—	—
Intracerebral hemorrhage	—	—	—	0.1843	0.0255		—	—	—
Age Group (vs <55)
55 to 64	−0.0955	0.0132	<0.0001	−0.0192	0.0273	<0.0001	0.0424	0.0119	<0.0001
65+	−0.5977	0.012		−0.7795	0.0269		−0.0967	0.0109
Metropolitan Statistical Area	0.0586	0.0111	<0.0001	−0.0436	0.0282	0.1218	0.0732	0.0103	<0.0001
Female	0.0132	0.0082	0.1068	0.0536	0.0204	0.0087	−0.0253	0.0079	0.0014
Geographic Region (vs Northeast)
North Central	−0.2087	0.0134	<0.0001	−0.1533	0.0329	<0.0001	−0.1483	0.0133	<0.0001
West	0.1261	0.0153		0.3305	0.0362		0.0171	0.0145
South	−0.0824	0.0136		−0.0661	0.0329		−0.063	0.0132
Year of Stroke Diagnosis (vs 2006)
2007	0.0274	0.0134	<0.0001	0.0687	0.034	0.0707	0.0022	0.013	<0.0001
2008	0.0665	0.0134		0.1376	0.0341		−0.0084	0.013
2009	0.0925	0.013		0.12	0.0324		0.0237	0.0126
2010	0.0396	0.0131		0.0862	0.033		0.0087	0.0129
2011	0.0682	0.029		0.0789	0.0715		−0.1114	0.0309
OAC use	−0.0016	0.0158	0.918	−0.0242	0.0369	0.5122	−0.0889	0.0159	<0.0001
Selected Comorbidities
Acute MI	0.1037	0.0343	0.0025	0.164	0.1009	0.1041	0.0711	0.0335	0.0336
CHF	0.0027	0.0158	0.8629	0.1395	0.0466	0.0027	0.0475	0.0162	0.0034
CKD	0.0646	0.0231	0.0052	−0.0743	0.0672	0.2691	0.1763	0.025	<0.0001
COPD	−0.0216	0.0145	0.1343	−0.0369	0.0416	0.3745	0.0153	0.014	0.2742
Diabetes mellitus	0.036	0.0094	0.0001	0.0209	0.0276	0.4495	0.1089	0.0095	<0.0001
Hypertension	0.0152	0.0084	0.0721	0.0257	0.0219	0.2412	0.0443	0.0082	<0.0001
Liver disease	0.0061	0.0294	0.8345	0.0309	0.0601	0.6067	0.1147	0.0263	<0.0001
Malignancy	−0.0263	0.0123	0.0327	−0.0388	0.0323	0.2293	0.0179	0.0119	0.1314
Peripheral vascular	0.0367	0.0142	0.0098	0.0009	0.042	0.9828	0.0607	0.0142	<0.0001
All‐Cause Baseline Resource Use
Had hospitalization	0.028	0.011	0.0109	−0.0818	0.0288	0.0045	0.0401	0.0106	0.0002
Had ED visit in baseline	0.0368	0.0109	0.0008	−0.0454	0.0275	0.0984	0.0489	0.0099	<0.0001

Note: Bolded parameters are significant (P<0.01). AF indicates atrial fibrillation; CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MI, myocardial infarction; OAC, oral anticoagulant.

^*N=46 071; ratio of deviance to degrees of freedom=1.1185.

^*N=10 010; ratio of deviance to degrees of freedom=1.1574.

^*N=39 560; ratio of deviance to degrees of freedom=1.0977.

Source: Truven MarketScan^® Research Databases January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2011.