Table 2. Clinico-pathological predictors of overall survival.
|
Overall survival |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
||
| Variable | N=86 | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P-value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P-value |
|
Tumour stage | |||||
| Locoregional/metastatic |
38/30 |
7.8 (1.7–34.9) |
0.007* |
7.4 (1.7–33.0) |
0.008# |
|
Grading (WHO) | |||||
| Low/intermediate/high |
68/11/3 |
2.0 (0.4–11.0) |
0.03* |
|
|
|
Necrosis | |||||
| Absent/present |
70/12 |
2.1 (0.78–5.9) |
0.12 |
|
|
|
Angioinvasion | |||||
| Absent/present |
62/20 |
1.5 (0.6–3.4) |
0.33 |
|
|
|
SSTR-1 expression | |||||
| Low/high |
71/11 |
0.3 (0.0–2.4) |
0.27 |
|
|
|
SSTR-2 expression | |||||
| Low/high |
61/25 |
0.21 (0.05–0.9) |
0.03* |
0.3 (0.07–1.4) |
0.05# |
|
Hif-1α
expression | |||||
| Low/high |
41/45 |
2.7 (1.1–6.6) |
0.03* |
2.3 (1.0–5.7) |
0.06# |
|
VEGF-A expression | |||||
| Low/high |
24/62 |
1.2 (0.4–3.7) |
0.69 |
|
|
|
Ca-IX expression | |||||
| Low/high | 77/9 | 0.4 (0.5–2.9) | 0.39 | ||
Abbreviations: Ca-IX=carbonic anhydrase IX; Hif-1α=hypoxia inducible factor alpha; SSTR=somatostatin receptor; VEGF=vascular endothelial growth factor-A; WHO=World Health Organization.
Associations reaching statistical significance (P<0.05) are marked with an asterisk (*).
Variables emerging as independent predictors of survival at the last step of the stepwise regression Cox model were considered significant if the corresponding P-value was <0.10 and marked with an ash (#).