RT-PCR analysis. (a) Three rat pES cell lines (rpESWIv2iF-2, rpESWIv2iF-5, and rpESWIv2iF-10), a rat ES cell line (rESWIv3i-1), and rat embryonic fibroblasts at E14.5 (rEF; negative control for stem cell markers). The three pES cell lines expressed stem cell marker genes, Oct-4, rNanog, Fgf-4, and Rex-1. (b) Expression of Cdx2, a trophectoderm-specific marker gene. Colon from day-2 rat offspring and rEF were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.