Figure 3.

Spline regression of the association of g/day alcohol use at enrolment and causes of death among men participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, whose alcohol use was >0 at that time, stratifying by centre and age, and adjusting for body mass index, height, waist circumference, intake of fruits, vegetables, red meat and meat products, dietary fibre, physical activity, education, smoking and prevalent disease (self-reported cancer, myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes mellitus or hypertension). P–values for linearity and for general effect respectively were for CHD = 0.151 and 0.004, CVD = 0.001 and 0.001, alcohol-related cancers = 0.059 and <0.001, other neoplasms = 0.172 and <0.001, respiratory causes = <0.001 and <0.001, digestive causes = <0.001 and <0.001, external causes = 0.044 and <0.001 and other causes = <0.001 and <0.001. CHD, coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease other than CHD; AC, alcohol-related cancer; ON, other neoplasms; R, respiratory system; D, digestive system; E, external causes; OC, other causes