Table 1.

S1P receptors and phenotypes of their genetic deletion

S1P Receptors	S1PR1	S1PR2	S1PR3	S1PR4	S1PR5
Coupling G proteins	Gi/O	Gi	Gi	Gi	Gi/o
		Gq	Gq	G12/13	G12/13
		Gs	Gs
		G12/13	G12/13
Distribution	Ubiquitous	Ubiquitous	Spleen, heart, lung, thymus, kidney, testis, brain, skeletal muscle	Thymus, spleen, lung, peripheral leukocytes	Brain, spleen, peripheral leukocytes
		Highest expressed in embryonic brain
		Expressed high in adult heart and lung
Phenotypes of gene deletion (mouse)	Embryonic lethal (e12.5-e14.5)	Vestibular defects	Disruption of alveolar epithelial junctions	Ddisorder of megakaryocyte differentiation	Reduced number of NK cells
		Hearing loss
		Seizures (C57BL/6 only)
		Perinatal lethal (reduce litter size)
		Survivours show no phonotype
Biological function	Rac activation	Rho activation	Cardioprotection by HDL
		Vasoconstriction angiogenesis
		Wound healing
References	Liu et al. (2000)	Kono et al. (2007)	Nofer et al. (2004)	Golfier et al. (2010)	Walzer et al. (2007)
	Matloubian et al. (2004)	Serriere-Lanneau et al. (2007)	Gon et al. (2005)

Cyster et al. (2005), Rivera et al. (2008), Rosen et al. (2005;2007).