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. 2012 Jun 13;34(1):43–52. doi: 10.1007/s10059-012-0066-6

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

In vivo interaction confirmation of NtTfd1 and Tsip1 in N. benthamiana by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay. (A) Empty vector combination of pSPYNE-35S and pSPYCE 35S was co-expressed in N. benthamiana as a negative control. (B) NtTfd1 proteins formed homodimer complex. Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) signals from BiFC were detected in the chloroplasts when pSPYNENtTfd1 and pSPYCE-NtTfd1 combinations were co-expressed in N. benthamiana. (C) NtTfd1 interacts with Tsip1 in chloroplasts. BiFC signals were detected in the chloroplasts when pSPYNE-NtTfd1 and pSPYCE-Tsip1 were co-expressed in N. benthamiana. (D) Enlarged image of Fig. 3C. Scale bar is indicated in the bottom. Red signal is chloroplast autofluorescence. The BiFC YFP signal is superimposed with bright-field image and chloroplast (red signal).