Table 3.
Cox Regression Analyses of Factors Associated With First Nosocomial Infection Under Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients
| Univariate Analysis |
Multivariate Analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor | HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value |
| SAPS II scorea | 1.01 (.99–1.02) | .09 | ||
| SOFA scorea | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | .03 | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | .05 |
| Immunosuppressionb | 1.14 (.81–1.62) | .46 | ||
| Reason for ECMO | .38 | |||
| Miscellaneousc | 1 | |||
| Myocarditis | 0.84 (.49–1.44) | |||
| Post–cardiac surgery | 1.20 (.84–1.71) | |||
| Location of ECMO cannulation | .09 | .07 | ||
| Mobile unit | 1 | 1 | ||
| Operating room | 1.10 (.70–1.74) | 1.16 (.71–1.89) | ||
| ICU | 0.59 (.35–1.01) | 0.64 (.37–1.10) | ||
| Site of ECMO cannulation | .85 | |||
| Intrathoracic only | 1 | |||
| Extrathoracic only | 0.90 (.60–1.36) | |||
| Extrathoracic then intrathoracic | 0.99 (.65–1.51) | |||
| Antibiotics at the time of ECMOd | 1.07 (.76–1.51) | .68 | 0.73 (.50–1.05) | .09 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HR, hazard ratio; ICU, intensive care unit; SAPS II, simplified acute physiology score; SOFA, sequential organ-failure assessment.
a Scores calculated at ICU admission. SAPS II and SOFA scores are correlated (r = 0.57; P < .0001)
b Includes patients with AIDS, solid organ transplantation, or hematological malignancy and those receiving chemotherapy, immunosuppressive agents, or long-term corticosteroid therapy.
c Includes dilated cardiomyopathy, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and other medical indications.
d Includes patients who received prophylactic antibiotic therapy for central ECMO placement and those treated with antibiotics for an infection at the time of ECMO cannulation.