Table 2:
Correlates of heparin-free maintenance HD
| Variable | Unadjusted ORa (95%CI) | Multivariable OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | ||
| Demographics | ||
| Age (by 10 year) | 1.14 (1.03–1.28) | 0.93 (0.82–1.06) |
| Sex (male versus female) | 0.89 (0.77–1.03) | 0.95 (0.80–1.13) |
| Race | ||
| Black | 0.84 (0.71–1.00) | 0.72 (0.58–0.89) |
| White | Reference | Reference |
| Other | 1.08 (0.78–1.49) | 0.95 (0.64–1.41) |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 0.87 (0.67–1.13) | 1.00 (0.73–1.37) |
| Reported comorbidities | ||
| Arrhythmia | 1.33 (1.14–1.55) | 1.15 (0.97–1.37) |
| Cancer | 1.24 (1.04–1.50) | 1.04 (0.84–1.28) |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.15 (1.00–1.33) | 1.01 (0.85–1.20) |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 1.79 (1.44–2.22) | 1.42 (1.10–1.83) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.80 (0.70–0.93) | 0.91 (0.77–1.07) |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 1.72 (1.43–2.07) | 1.42 (1.15–1.75) |
| Heart failure | 1.21 (1.05–1.40) | 1.15 (0.97–1.36) |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | 3.11 (1.97–4.90) | 2.96 (1.78–4.93) |
| Ischemic stroke | 1.12 (0.94–1.34) | 1.03 (0.84–1.26) |
| Liver disease | 1.67 (1.25–2.25) | 1.11 (0.79–1.57) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.94 (0.81–1.10) | 0.81 (0.68–0.97) |
| Pulmonary disease | 1.14 (0.97–1.33) | 1.00 (0.84–1.21) |
| Pulmonary embolism | 1.45 (0.91–2.32) | 0.91 (0.51–1.63) |
| Vital signs and laboratory measurements | ||
| Weight (kg) by quartile | P for trend <0.001 | P for trend <0.001 |
| <61 | Reference | Reference |
| 61–71.4 | 0.78 (0.64–0.94) | 0.77 (0.62–0.96) |
| 71.5–83.5 | 0.71 (0.59–0.86) | 0.74 (0.59–0.93) |
| >83.5 | 0.50 (0.40–0.62) | 0.52 (0.40–0.68) |
| Pre-dialysis systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | P for trend <0.001 | P for trend = 0.01 |
| <120 | 1.27 (1.05–1.54) | 1.08 (0.87–1.35) |
| 120–139 | Reference | Reference |
| 140–159 | 0.70 (0.57–0.85) | 0.80 (0.65–1.00) |
| ≥160 | 0.69 (0.57–0.84) | 0.86 (0.69–1.07) |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | P for trend <0.001 | P for trend <0.001 |
| <9 | 2.43 (1.74–3.41) | 2.09 (1.42–3.07) |
| 9–9.9 | 1.94 (1.47–2.58) | 1.85 (1.35–2.54) |
| 10–10.9 | 1.42 (1.12–1.79) | 1.31 (1.02–1.69) |
| 11–11.9 | Reference | Reference |
| 12–12.9 | 0.72 (0.59–0.89) | 0.75 (0.60–0.93) |
| 13–13.9 | 0.44 (0.35–0.57) | 0.46 (0.35–0.59) |
| ≥14 | 0.24 (0.17–0.34) | 0.26 (0.18–0.37) |
| Platelets (×103/µL) | P for trend <0.001 | P for trend <0.001 |
| <150 | 3.71 (3.01–4.58) | 3.65 (2.91–4.57) |
| 150–229 | 1.46 (1.20–1.77) | 1.55 (1.26–1.91) |
| 230–310 | Reference | Reference |
| 311–400 | 0.98 (0.73–1.31) | 0.84 (0.61–1.15) |
| >400 | 1.21 (0.83–1.77) | 0.73 (0.48–1.12) |
| Albumin (g/dL) | P for trend <0.001 | P for trend = 0.44 |
| <2.5 | 1.87 (1.30–2.69) | 1.02 (0.67–1.56) |
| 2.5–2.9 | 1.73 (1.37–2.19) | 1.13 (0.87–1.48) |
| 3–3.4 | 1.36 (1.14–1.62) | 1.17 (0.97–1.42) |
| 3.5–3.9 | Reference | Reference |
| ≥4 | 0.98 (0.78–1.22) | 1.11 (0.88–1.40) |
| Dialysis characteristics | ||
| Vascular access used during index HD | ||
| Central venous catheter | 0.97 (0.83–1.13) | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) |
| Fistula or graft | Reference | Reference |
| Length of session (min) | P for trend <0.001 | P for trend = 0.02 |
| <180 | 2.03 (1.44–2.86) | 1.98 (1.32–2.98) |
| 180–194 | 1.12 (0.94–1.34) | 1.09 (0.89–1.34) |
| 195–209 | 1.05 (0.79–1.41) | 1.07 (0.78–1.46) |
| 210–224 | Reference | Reference |
| 225–239 | 0.82 (0.59–1.14) | 0.95 (0.67–1.35) |
| ≥240 | 0.84 (0.69–1.03) | 0.95 (0.76–1.18) |
| Reuse of dialysis filter (any) | 0.39 (0.33–0.45) | 0.41 (0.35–0.49) |
| Facility characteristics | ||
| Number of outpatient hemodialysis patients (by quartile) | P for trend <0.001 | P for trend = 0.04 |
| <53 | Reference | Reference |
| 53–75 | 1.11 (0.90–1.37) | 1.04 (0.82–1.32) |
| 76–106 | 1.27 (1.03–1.57) | 1.13 (0.89–1.43) |
| ≥107 | 1.43 (1.17–1.76) | 1.26 (0.98–1.61) |
| Rural (versus urban) | 0.64 (0.52–0.79) | 0.81 (0.65–1.03) |
| Census division | P(Wald) <0.001 | P(Wald) <0.001 |
| East North Central | 0.85 (0.68–1.07) | 0.85 (0.66–1.09) |
| East South Central | 0.60 (0.41–0.89) | 0.59 (0.39–0.89) |
| Middle Atlantic | 1.64 (1.32–2.04) | 1.11 (0.87–1.42) |
| Mountain | 0.83 (0.58–1.20) | 0.77 (0.52–1.14) |
| New England | 2.07 (1.55–2.75) | 1.51 (1.11–2.06) |
| Pacific | 0.82 (0.65–1.04) | 0.71 (0.53–0.95) |
| South Atlantic | Reference | Reference |
| West North Central | 0.40 (0.26–0.62) | 0.37 (0.23–0.61) |
| West South Central | 0.58 (0.43–0.78) | 0.51 (0.36–0.71) |
an for multivariable analysis = 11 632: 756 recipients of heparin-free HD and 10 876 recipients of heparin with HD. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs.