Table 3.
Baseline characteristics at index date of the patients exposed to antipsychotics, psychiatric nonuser cohort, and general population controls.
| Characteristic | Exposed to antipsychotics (N = 183,392) |
Typical antipsychotics (N = 115,491) |
Atypical antipsychotics (N = 67,901) |
Psychiatric nonusers (N = 193,920) |
General population control (N = 544,726) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalent users | 67,396 (36.7%) | 40,258 (34.9%) | 27,138 (40.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
|
| |||||
| Female | 107,226 (58.5%) | 69,426 (60.1%) | 37,800 (55.7%) | 132,458 (68.3%) | 317,152 (58.2%) |
| Male | 76,166 (41.5%) | 46,065 (39.9%) | 30,101 (44.3%) | 61,462 (31.7%) | 227,574 (41.8%) |
| Age: mean (sd) | 60 (22) | 61 (21) | 58 (23) | 52 (22) | 60 (22) |
| Age: median (IQR) | 62 (41–80) | 64 (44–80) | 58 (38–81) | 48 (33–75) | 61 (41–80) |
| Age 18–29 | 18,474 (10.1%) | 9,180 (7.9%) | 9,294 (13.7%) | 34,559 (17.8%) | 55,188 (10.1%) |
| Age 30–39 | 23,484 (12.8%) | 13,747 (11.9%) | 9,737 (14.3%) | 38,574 (19.9%) | 70,462 (12.9%) |
| Age 40–49 | 23,793 (13.0%) | 14,554 (12.6%) | 9,239 (13.6%) | 28,555 (14.7%) | 71,370 (13.1%) |
| Age 50–59 | 21,244 (11.6%) | 14,627 (12.7%) | 6,617 (9.7%) | 21,302 (11.0%) | 63,724 (11.7%) |
| Age 60–69 | 19,923 (10.9%) | 14,461 (12.5%) | 5,462 (8.0%) | 13,831 (7.1%) | 59,723 (11.0%) |
| Age 70–79 | 28,088 (15.3%) | 18,881 (16.3%) | 9,207 (13.6%) | 21,194 (10.9%) | 84,519 (15.5%) |
| Age 80+ | 48,386 (26.4%) | 30,041 (26.0%) | 18,345 (27.0%) | 35,905 (18.5%) | 139,740 (25.7%) |
| BMI: mean (sd) | 26 (6) | 26 (5) | 26 (6) | 26 (6) | 26 (5) |
| Nonsmoker | 69,482 (37.9%) | 44,035 (38.1%) | 25,447 (37.5%) | 80,061 (41.3%) | 249,362 (45.8%) |
| Ex-smoker | 29,719 (16.2%) | 17,638 (15.3%) | 12,081 (17.8%) | 39,550 (20.4%) | 99,240 (18.2%) |
| Smoker | 51,938 (28.3%) | 31,361 (27.2%) | 20,577 (30.3%) | 57,004 (29.4%) | 102,455 (18.8%) |
| Unknown smoking status | 32,253 (17.6%) | 22,457 (19.4%) | 9,796 (14.4%) | 17,305 (8.9%) | 93,669 (17.2%) |
| Schizophrenia | 15,475 (8.4%) | 6,746 (5.8%) | 8,729 (12.9%) | 7,779 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Bipolar disorder/other mood disorders | 7,368 (4.0%) | 3,170 (2.7%) | 4,198 (6.2%) | 4,700 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Major depression | 19,981 (10.9%) | 11,680 (10.1%) | 8,301 (12.2%) | 134,105 (69.2%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Dementia | 25,174 (13.7%) | 12,669 (11.0%) | 12,505 (18.4%) | 47,336 (24.4%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| No recorded specific psychiatric disorders | 115,394 (62.9%) | 81,226 (70.3%) | 34,168 (50.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 544,726 (100.0%) |
| History of alcoholism or drug abuse | 19,933 (10.9%) | 11,429 (9.9%) | 8,504 (12.5%) | 12,572 (6.5%) | 13,256 (2.4%) |
| History of suicide attempts | 10,777 (5.9%) | 5,762 (5.0%) | 5,015 (7.4%) | 8,841 (4.6%) | 3,537 (0.6%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 15,276 (8.3%) | 9,480 (8.2%) | 5,796 (8.5%) | 13,639 (7.0%) | 36,069 (6.6%) |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 6,530 (3.6%) | 4,224 (3.7%) | 2,306 (3.4%) | 5,466 (2.8%) | 19,391 (3.6%) |
| Prescribing of statins/fibrates in the 3 months before | 16,203 (8.8%) | 8,406 (7.3%) | 7,797 (11.5%) | 18,124 (9.3%) | 49,148 (9.0%) |
| Antiplatelets | 32,260 (17.6%) | 18,900 (16.4%) | 13,360 (19.7%) | 25,397 (13.1%) | 72,622 (13.3%) |
| Antidepressants | 83,595 (45.6%) | 49,545 (42.9%) | 34,050 (50.1%) | 126,688 (65.3%) | 34,393 (6.3%) |
| Anxiolytics | 27,389 (14.9%) | 15,637 (13.5%) | 11,752 (17.3%) | 12,907 (6.7%) | 10,185 (1.9%) |
| Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors | 44,428 (24.2%) | 24,330 (21.1%) | 20,098 (29.6%) | 98,373 (50.7%) | 16,263 (3.0%) |
| Lithium | 5,122 (2.8%) | 2,851 (2.5%) | 2,271 (3.3%) | 1,743 (0.9%) | 115 (<0.1%) |
| Antiepileptics | 10,090 (5.5%) | 5,853 (5.1%) | 4,237 (6.2%) | 3,817 (2.0%) | 5,855 (1.1%) |