Table 4.
Confounding by underlying psychiatric disease comparing rates of all-cause mortality (excluding suicide) or cardiac mortality in the psychiatric nonuser cohort to that of the general population controls.
| Outcome | Psychiatric Disease | No. of cases | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years | Age, sex-adjusted relative risk (RR) (95% CI) | Fully adjusted RR (aRR) (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortality | None (general population) | 295 | 10.9 | Reference | Reference |
| Patients with bipolar disorders | 43 | 15.2 | 1.50 (1.09–2.07)† | 1.40 (1.01–1.95)† | |
| None (general population) | 19,858 | 96.5 | Reference | Reference | |
| Dementia | 4,445 | 142.8 | 1.54 (1.49–1.59)‡ | 1.45 (1.40–1.50)‡ | |
| None (general population) | 8,890 | 9.9 | Reference | Reference | |
| Major depression | 3,230 | 11.3 | 1.40 (1.35–1.46)‡ | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | |
| None (general population) | 513 | 10.1 | Reference | Reference | |
| Schizophrenia | 55 | 23.1 | 2.23 (1.69–2.94)‡ | 1.99 (1.50–2.65)‡ | |
|
| |||||
| Cardiac mortality | None (general population) | 34 | 1.8 | Reference | Reference |
| Patients with bipolar disorders | 5 | 2.4 | —(NC#) | —(NC#) | |
| None (general population) | 4257 | 28.9 | Reference | Reference | |
| Dementia | 795 | 32.2 | 1.16 (1.08–1.25)‡ | 1.15 (1.06–1.24)‡ | |
| None (general population) | 1363 | 2.4 | Reference | Reference | |
| Major depression | 484 | 2.7 | 1.39 (1.25–1.54)‡ | 1.00 (0.85–1.17) | |
| None (general population) | 66 | 2.2 | Reference | Reference | |
| Schizophrenia | 8 | 5.5 | 2.04 (0.98–4.26)* | —(NC#) | |
*P < 0.10, † P < 0.05, ‡ P < 0.01, #Not calculable due to small number of cases.