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. 2013 Dec 26;2013:510298. doi: 10.1155/2013/510298

Table 1.

Reported uses of genus Spilanthes in ethnopharmacological surveys.

Name of the plant Type of use Population or geographic zone Part used and method References
Spilanthes acmella L. Toothache and throat complaints India Flowers and leaves [23]
Spilanthes acmella Murr. Toothache, insecticidal, colic, gastrointestinal disorders.
Dried leaves are strewn around the home to ward off insect pests; a combination of leaf and flower juice is taken for colic
Bangladesh Flowers and leaves [92]
Pain which includes headache, toothache, and muscle pain Bangladesh [93]
Cough Haryana, India Whole plant [94]
Head infections accompanied by itchiness Jamalpur District, Bangladesh [92]
Toothache Hasanur Hills, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India Flowers [95]
Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray Anticancer agent Indonesia Entire plant Indonesia [96]

Spilanthes clava L. Toothache and throat complaints Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, India Leaf [24]
Teeth were brushed with flowers as remedy for toothache Bangladesh Flowers [92]

Spilanthes calva DC. Toothache and throat complaints Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India Flower [25]
Dry cough Tribals of Nandurbar District, Maharashtra, India Two to three inflorescences crushed and mixed in a spoon with honey taken twice a day for 2-3 days [97]
Tuberculosis Chakma tribe in Hill Tracts Districts of Bangladesh Root juice [98]
Pain Palani Hills of Tamil Nadu, India Crushed head inflorescence [90]

Spilanthes uliginosa Sore throats and gums and in paralysis of the tongue India Flower [20]

Spilanthes acmella Murr. Placed in tooth cavities to relieve pain Kelantan, Malaysia Pounded flowers [26]
Decotion of roots and leaves is used as gargle for tooth pain Philippines Roots and leaves [99]
Toothache and dysentery Saurashtra region, Gujarat, India Flower [100]
Leucorrhoea, toothache, anti-inflammatory, astringent, stop bleeding from gums, dysentery, antibacterial, and anemia Vhabaniganj village, Bogra District, Bangladesh Leaves and flowers [101]

Spilanthes acmella L. Ulcer in mouth Karnataka, India Juice of inflorescence [102]

Spilanthes calva DC. Toothache and on boils and wounds Nagarcoil, India Fruit dried, powdered, and mixed with coconut oil [28]
Dental caries Nandurbar District, Maharashtr, India Root and flower head [103]

Spilanthes oleracea Curing stammering, toothache, stomatitis, and throat complaints India Leaves and flowers decoction [104]

Spilanthes acmella Sialagogue Sri Lanka Flowers tincture [11]

Spilanthes uliginosa Sialagogue Nigeria and Cameroon Flower [30]

Spilanthes acmella Diuretic activity and the ability to dissolve urinary calculi Uva Province, Sri Lanka Cold infusion flowers [11]

Spilanthes leiocarpa DC. Diuretic activity Andean people of Canta, Lima, Peru Leaves and flowers infusion [105]

Spilanthes calva Cuts and mud infection Bhaudaha, Morang, Nepal Leaves [106]
Cough, cold, and gingivitis Nawalparasi District, Nepal Flowers [107]

Spilanthes uliginosa External injury, crushed paste dressing Ethiopia Aerial parts [29]

Spilanthes callimorpha A. H. Moore Dermatitis Yunnan Province, China Aerial part [108]

Spilanthes africana DC. Induce labor during childbirth Western Uganda Aerial part [31]

Spilanthes callimorpha A. H. Moore Amenorrhea Hong Kong Whole plant [32]

Spilanthes mauritiana DC. Aphrodisiac, treatment of convulsions in children with malaria fever Mwanga District, Tanzania Fresh plant [109]

Spilanthes filicaulis Snakebite Ghana Aerial parts [33]
Emetic Benin City, Nigeria Leaves [110]

Spilanthes acmella L. Snakebite and rheumatic fever Entire plant [34]

Spilanthes caulirhiza (Delile) DC. Common cold Masango, Gabon Leaves are chewed [111]

Spilanthes acmella Murr. Fortifier for infants Madagascar Leaves soup [112]

Spilanthes africana  DC. Hypertension Bafia region, Cameroon Paste mixed with other plants [113]

Spilanthes mauritiana DC. Convulsions in children malaria, pneumonia, and tonsillitis Leaves [114]
Rwanda Whole plant [115]

Spilanthes filicaulis Jacq. Peptic ulcer and treatment of tooth decay Cameroon Aerial parts [27]
Genital infections Baham, Cameroon Whole plant [116]

Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray Used as an anticancer agent Indonesia Entire plant [117]

Spilanthes filicaulis Intestinal diseases and diarrhoea Mbalmayo, Cameroon Leaves [118]

Spilanthes paniculata DC. Constipation Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, India Leaves [24]
Constipation, liver trouble, toothache, worm infection, and as tonic during jaundice Assam, India Young stem and leaf
For the treatment of intestinal worms, constipation, and toothache Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, India Leaves [119]

Spilanthes paniculata  Wall. DC. Skin disease Mt.Yinggelin, Hainan Island, China Flowers [120]

Spilanthes paniculata L. Toothache, cough, and fever The Nocte, the Nyishi and the Adi in the Eastern Himalayan region of Arunachal Pradesh, India Leaf, water decoction [121]

Spilanthes paniculata Toothache Tripuri, India Fresh whole plant [122]
Toothache, tooth infections Flowers are chewed followed by closing of the mouth for 5 minutes followed by gargling with water Barisal District, Bangladesh Flowers [123, 124]
Worm infection Assam, India Leaf and flower extracts [123, 124]
Decoction of plant is used in dysentery and rheumatism and tincture of flowers relieves toothache Noakhali District, Bangladesh Whole plant flowers [125]
Cuts Amazonian Ecuador Leaves [126]

Spilanthes oleracea Linn. Malaria Mali Flower decoction [35]

Spilanthes oleracea  Jacq. Antitrypanocidal Mali Flower decoction [36]

Spilanthes filicaulis Chest pain, eczema, guinea worm, stomach problems, headache, cough, and toothache; an enema for side pain; used to coagulate blood; rubbed on skin as a local anaesthesia Cameroon Entire plant [37]
Toothache, stomach ache, gastritis, and malaria Babungo, Northwest Region, Cameroon Whole plant [127]

Spilanthes callimorpha A. H. Moore Fertility regulating agent China Aerial part [32]

Spilanthes acmella Murr. Soup and as a fortifier for infants Betsimisaraka and Tanala people of Madagascar Leaves [112]

Spilanthes  acmella (L.) Murray Get rid of unpleasant symptoms of the alcoholic hangover Brazil Leaves [128]

Spilanthes americana (Mutis) Hieron Cough San Jose Succotz in Belize, Argentina Prepare a tea from the leaves and drink [129]