Table 1.
Showing the anti-AQP4 antibody, oligoclonal band, and spinal MRI results for patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease.
| Diagnosis (after incorporating anti-AQP4 antibody, oligoclonal bands, and cord lesion length) |
Anti-AQP4 antibody |
Cerebrospinal fluid for oligoclonal bands |
Spine MRI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | Positive | Negative | Cord lesion length ≤ 3 VS |
Cord lesion length > 3 VS |
|
| Clinical Diagnosis | ||||||
| MS | ||||||
| CIS (MRI brain CDMS) | 0 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 5 (in two no lesions) | 0 |
| CDMS | 0 | 91 | 30 | 16 | 55 | 22 |
| Opticospinal recurrent type of multiple sclerosis |
8** | 2 | 0 | 10 | 4 | 6* |
| Spinal multiple sclerosis | 1# | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 0 |
| NMO | 31 | 4 | 1 | 43 | 2 | 33 |
| NMOSD | ||||||
| Single episode optic neuritis/relapsing optic neuritis |
3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Single episode transverse myelitis/relapsing transverse myelitis |
7 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 8 |
| Brain lesions typical of NMOSD | 6 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 5 |
|
| ||||||
| Other IIDDs | ||||||
| ADEM | 0 | 26 | 1 | 25 | 8 | 18 |
| Single episode optic neuritis (undeclared as NMO or MS, no brain/cord lesions) |
0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| Single episode transverse myelitis undeclared as NMO/MS |
0 | 20 | 0 | 10 | 8 | 12 |
| Unclassified single episode demyelinating disease of the brain (undifferentiated from NMOSD/ADEM/MS/non-IDDS) |
0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| Unclassified relapsing optic neuritis (MRI of brain and spine negative for MS or NMO/NMOSD) |
0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
MS: multiple sclerosis; NMO: neuromyelitis optica; NMOSD: neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; VS: vertebral segments.
*Six patients initially diagnosed with opticospinal variants of Multiple sclerosis upon reviewing first MRI at onset of disease were found to have longitudinally extensive cord lesions.
**Eight patients reclassified as NMO.
#Reclassified as NMOSD.