Table 2.
Showing the clinical features of multiple sclerosis patients in Malaysia. (A subgroup analysis of demographics in NMO/NMOSD patients was also included.)
| N = 104 | |
|---|---|
| Female : male/% | 87 : 17 (83% : 17%) ( ratio: 5 : 1) |
| In the MS group: Malays : Chinese : Indians : others % |
55/104 : 19/104 : 28/104 : 2/104 patients 52.9% : 18.3% : 26.9% : 1.9% |
| In the NMO/NMOSD group: Malays : Chinese : Indians : others % |
38/77 : 32/77 : 7/77 : 0/77 patients 49.4% : 41.6% : 9.1% : 0% |
| Mean age at onset/years | 28.6 ± 9.9 |
| Mean duration of illness/years | 6.41 ± 5.23 |
| Site of involvement | At onset At first relapse |
| Optic nerve | 37/104 (35.6%) 20/104 (19.2%) |
| Spinal cord | 26/104 (25.0%) 33/104 (31.7%) |
| Subcortical | 23/104 (22.1%) 32/104 (30.7%) |
| Brainstem and cerebellum | 18/104 (17.3%) 19/104 (18.4%) |
| Mean number of exacerbations | 2.98 ± 2.46 |
| Annualized relapse rates/year | 0.87 ± 0.75 |
| Mean EDSS at onset | 2.71 ± 1.84 |
| Familial involvement | 5/104 (5%) |
| Clinical course | |
| RRMS | 93/104 (89.4%) |
| SPMS | 6/104 (5.8%) |
| PPMS | 5/104 (2.9%) |
| CSF (OCB %) | 38/66 (57.6%) |
| Ambulating independently (current status) | 78/104 (75%) |
| Visual acuity (20/30 and above) in one/both eyes | 94/104 (90.4%) |
| ANA positivity (1 : 40 to 1 : 80) | 4/104 (3.8%) |
| Initial brain MRI fulfills McDonald's 2005 criteria for dissemination in space McDonald's 2010 criteria for dissemination in space |
64/104 (61.5%) 69/104 (66.4%) |
| Spinal multiple sclerosis | 4/104 (3.8%) |
MS: multiple sclerosis; ANA: antinuclear factor, RRMS: relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; SPMS: secondary progressive multiple sclerosis; PPMS: primary progressive multiple sclerosis; OCB: oligoclonal bands; EDSS: expanded disability status scale.