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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Cancer Res. 2013 Oct 30;11(12):1624–1635. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-13-0371-T

Figure 7. Auranofin (ANF) inhibits PKCι signaling and ovarian tumor growth in vivo.

Figure 7

Orthotopic ES2 TIC tumors were established in immune-deficient nude mice by orthotopic injection of 1,000 ES2 TICs into the capsule of the ovary as described in Materials and Methods. At day 11, tumor-bearing mice were randomly assigned to receive either ANF (12 mg/kg/day/six days a week) or the same volume and frequency of vehicle solution (NaCl, 0.9%) for the duration of the experiment. A) Quantitative analysis of tumor growth by IVIS bioluminescence. The results are expressed as mean fold change of luminescence in each treated mouse compared to day 11 +/−SEM. n=5; *p<0.05. B) Sections from tumors were analyzed for mitotic index as described in Materials and Methods. Tumors from ANF-treated mice exhibited a decrease in mitotic index compared to diluent-treated control mice. n=5; *p<0.05. C) Immunoblot analysis (upper panel) of tumor lysates from diluent and ANF treated mice revealed a decrease in pERK levels in ANF-treated tumors. Quantitative analysis of pErk blots demonstrates a significant decrease in pErk levels in ANF-treated mouse tumors when compared to diluent-treated control mice. n=3. *p<0.05. D) Immunohistochemical staining of representative diluent- and ANF-treated tumors for pEct2. ANF treatment led to a decrease in pEct2 staining when compared to diluent control tumors. Staining was abolished by pre-incubation with Ect2 phospho-peptide antigen as described previously (16) indicating the specificity of the staining for pECt2 antigen. E) Quantitative analysis of pEct2 immunohistochemical staining reveals a significant decrease in pEct2 staining in ANF-treated tumors compared to diluent control tumors. n=5; *p<0.05.