Fig. 3.

Mean (±SEM) responses during the signaled availability and nonavailability periods for food-maintained operant sessions. Left panels (a, c, e, and g) depict responding for food under signaled availability conditions, while right panels (b, d, f, and h) depict responses under signaled nonavailability conditions. Panels a–d compare responding maintained by food for females and males during adolescence to responses when retested as adults 30 days later. Panels e–h depict responses for adult females and males during initial testing and during a retest 30 days later. Males responded more during the signaled availability period when retested as adults vs. their initial test as adolescents (c; *p<0.05) and also responded more during the signaled availability and nonavailability periods than females retested as adults (c and d vs. a and b; †p<0.01)