Table 5.

OHSMS awareness of various construction types (n = 72)

Factors	Construction types						p
	Housing and office		Transportation		Plant
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Motivation of developing OHSMS							0.0191*
Lack of health and safety management system	29	60.4	9	45.0	1	25.0
Social responsibility and legal issues	5	10.4	7	35.0	0	0.0
Elimination and management of health and safety risks	12	25.0	2	10.0	2	50.0
Reduce the cost of health and safety management	2	4.2	1	5.0	0	0.0
Responding and complying with interested party	0	0.0	1	5.0	1	25.0
Implementation methods							0.0025*
Itself	30	62.5	4	20.0	2	50.0
Part of support from consulting firm	14	29.2	8	40.0	2	50.0
Support from consulting firm	4	8.3	8	40.0	0	0.0
Cost of OHSMS implementation and certification							0.0448*
Inexpensive	16	33.3	2	10.0	0	0.0
Reasonable cost	26	54.2	16	80.0	2	50.0
Expensive	3	6.3	2	10.0	2	50.0
Other	3	6.3	0	0.0	0	0.0
Effectiveness of implementing OHSMS							0.0051*
Prevention of accidents	23	47.9	4	20.0	1	25.0
Legal compliance	11	22.9	4	20.0	2	50.0
Effective on-site safety and health management	10	20.8	3	15.0	0	0.0
Improving quality	3	6.3	5	25.0	0	0.0
Improving productivity	1	2.1	4	20.0	0	0.0
Reducing management costs	—	—	—	—	—	—
Improving safety consciousness of management	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	25.0
Improving safety consciousness of workers	—	—	—	—	—	—
Improving company's image	—	—	—	—	—	—
Management benefits of OHSMS							0.0338*
Products	12	25.0	1	5.0	0	0.0
Process	17	35.4	8	40.0	0	0.0
Production	12	25.0	4	20.0	2	50.0
Marketing	4	8.3	2	10.0	0	0.0
Loss control	2	4.2	5	25.0	2	50.0
R and D	1	2.1	0	0.0	0	0.0

OHSMS, occupational health and safety management system.

* p value by Fisher exact test.