Fig. 6.

Neurocognitive changes provide a clinical feature that distinguishes cases with eventual HS-Aging pathology versus controls. Each data point represents an individual research volunteer. N = 43 HS-Aging cases, and N = 75 controls, matched for age, gender, education level, and APOE status with each of those parameters used as covariate. These 118 participants had a total of 966 yearly longitudinal assessments for an average of 8.2 assessments per participant. All were followed from nondemented cognitive state at baseline. Plots show the distribution of values for the ratios of test scores of word list delay (WLD): verbal fluency (VF) at baseline and at an examination 5.5–6.5 years prior to the patients’ death. The timepoint of ~6 years prior to death was selected because this usually was after symptom onset but before end-stage disease. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS/STAT^® 9.2 software. This figure is adapted from PT Nelson et al. [76] Brain, published by Oxford University Press, and is reproduced with permission