Fig. 7.

LC-MS/MS metabolomic profiling of brain tissue from HIV-1 infected humanized mice. Metabolomic profiles were generated for flash frozen hippocampal tissues of humanized mice controls (C, n = 7), HIV-1 infection (H, n = 6) and HIV-1 infection treated with nanoART (N, n = 6). Myo-Inositol (mInos), choline (Cho) and phosphorylcholine (PCho) increased and creatine (Cre) decreased during HIV-1 infection compared to humanized mice controls. NanoART reduction of HIV-1 disease reduced mI levels below the increase with HIV-1 infection. Error bars indicate standard deviation. *significant mean differences (p < 0.05) compared with uninfected humanized mouse brain controls, ^#significant mean differences (p < 0.05) between HIV-1 infected and HIV-1 infected nanoART treated