Table 4.

A list of experimental vaccines reported in the literature to address viral diseases in aquacultured finfish

Virus	Vaccine type	Antigen	Delivery route	Detail	Host	Reference
AHNV	Protein and DNA	Capsid	IM	Protein protected while DNA did not	Atlantic halibut	[99]
GCRV-GD108	Recombinant protein	VP4 (capsid protein)	Injection	Purified protein injected	Grass carp	[103]
IPNV	DNA	VP2	Oral	Alginate microspheres protect the pDNA	Rainbow trout	[23]
IPNV	Recombinant bacterium	VP2/VP3 capsid protein	Oral	Lactobacillus casei transformed with plasmids containing IPNV capsid genes	Rainbow trout	[73]
IPNV	Recombinant protein	VP2 based SVP	IM	Foreign epitope expressed on surface of SVP	Rainbow trout	[26]
IPNV	DNA	Segment A polyprotein	IM and In vitro cell culture	VLP formation; VP2, VP3, VP4 observed	Rainbow trout	[21]
ISAV	DNA	Hemagglutinin-esterase (HE)	IM	SAV replicon engineered to express HE	Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)	[111]
SAV	DNA	SAV-replicon	In vitro testing	dsRNA production of protein	Fish cell lines	[78]
VHSV	dsRNA	G-Protein	In vitro testing	RNAi protection	Fish cell culture (EPC and CHSE-214)	[58]
VHSV	DNA	G-protein	In vitro testing	Removal of all viral regulatory sequences	Fish cell lines	[69]
VHSV	Inactivated virus	Whole virus	IM	Mixture of squalene and aluminum hydroxide adjuvant	olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)	[108]
VNN	Inactivated virus	Whole virus	IM	Formalin inactivated RGNNV	Brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscogutattus)	[79]

GCRV-GD108 grass carp reovirus Guangdong 108 strain, RGNNV red spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus, VHSV viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VNN viral nervous necrosis virus