Table 2.
Association between medication nonadherence and outcomes; adapted with permission from Ho et al. [57]
| No. of patients | Nonadherent patients, (%) | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause mortalitya | All-cause hospitalizationa | |||
| All therapy | 11,532 | 21.3 | 1.81 (1.46–2.23) | 1.58 (1.38–1.81) |
| Oral antihyperglycemics | 7,883 | 20.3 | 1.39 (1.07–1.82) | 1.38 (1.21–1.58) |
| Antihypertensives | 6,217 | 19.1 | 1.58 (1.22–2.05) | 1.44 (1.24–1.67) |
| Statins | 6,486 | 24.8 | 2.07 (1.54–2.80) | 1.39 (1.18–1.63) |
aUnselected multivariable models were constructed to maximally adjust for confounding, and included sex, age, comorbidities, medication, blood pressure, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and HbA1c; odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each independent variable in the multivariable models