Removal of H3K27 trimethyl marks precedes H3K4 trimethylation. (A) ChIP showing RA-dependent recruitment of UTX along with other subunits of ASCOM-MLL3/MLL4 to the RAR-β2 promoter in HEK293 cells that stably express Flag-tagged PA1 (HEK293/Flag-PA1 cells). (B to H) ChIP showing recruitment of ASC-2 (B), RBBP5 (C), MLL4 (D), MLL3 (E), and UTX (F) as well as H3K27 trimethylation (G) and H3K4 trimethylation (H) levels at the transcription start site (+1) and RARE regions of p21 in HEK293 cells following RA treatment for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.